CHAPTER I. 



SYSTEM OF RELATIONSHIP OF THE TURANIAN FAMILY. 



Turanian Family as newly constituted, consists principally of three Asiatic Stocks The People speaking the Dravi- 

 dian Language The People speaking the Gaura Language And the Chinese I. Dravidian Nations Highest 

 Type of the Turanian System found amongst them They still possess their Original Domestic Institutions. 1. Tamil 

 Tamilian System the Standard Its General Characteristics Lineal and First Collateral Lines Diagrams 

 Marriage Relationships Second Collateral Line Diagrams Marriage Relationships Other Collateral Lines 

 Diagrams Tamilian System substantially identical with that of the Seneca-Iroquois Importance of this Dis- 

 covery The Tamil People salnte by Kin Evidences of the Antiquity of the System Its Ability to perpetuate 

 itself. 2. Teliigu System Indicative Relationships It agrees with the Tamilian. 3. Canarese Indicative Re- 

 lationships It agrees with the Tamilian Further Evidence of the Antiquity of the Turanian System Pre- 

 sumptively the same System prevails in the six remaining Dravidian Dialects A Domestic Institution One of 

 the Oldest Institutions of the Human Family. 



IN Max M Ciller's Genealogical Table of the Turanian family of languages, the 

 Ugrian and Turkish dialects form a part of its northern division, and the Malayan 

 a part of its southern. 1 It has been seen that it was found necessary, using their 

 system of relationship as the basis of classification, to remove the former from th.3 

 Turanian connection, and to organize them into an independent family, the Uralian ; 

 and, for the same reasons, it will hereafter be found necessary to detach the 

 Malayan, and to place them also in the position of an independent family. Of the 

 remaining dialects of the northern division, the Mongolian and Tungusian are not 

 represented in the Table; and but a small portion of those belonging to the 

 southern. So material an innovation upon the Turanian family, as formerly consti- 

 tuted, has not been made without hesitation and solicitude. A comparison, how- 

 ever, of the systems of relationship of the nations herein classified as Turanian, 

 with the systems of the other families of mankind, will disclose ample reasons to 

 justify the proposed classification upon the basis assumed. The sufficiency of this 

 basis, as of any other, must be accepted or rejected upon its merits. It so happens 

 that the most remarkable and distinctive system of consanguinity and affinity yet 

 discovered in Asia prevails in a portion of the old Turanian family, and also 

 amongst a number of other nations hitherto excluded from that connection. The 

 quarter in which it is found seemed sufficiently commanding after the Ugrian and 

 Turkish stocks had been removed, to carry with it the Turanian name. Whether 

 there is a sufficient foundation for the proposed innovations can Le better deter- 

 mined after the systems of relationship of the Turanian nations, which are herein 

 classified as such, have been presented and considered. 



The four principal Asiatic stocks comprised in the Turanian family, as newly 

 constituted, are the people of South India, who speak the Dravidian language, and 

 number upwards of thirty millions; the people of North India, who speak the 



1 Science of Language, pp. 397, 398. 



49 April, 1870. 



