388 SYSTEMS OF CONSANGUINITY AND AFFINITY. 



It is advisable to take up this form in detail, and to trace the circuit of each branch 

 of the first five collateral lines from the point of their emergence from the lineal 

 until they are again restored to its descending stream, that we may seize and hold 

 its distinctive features. As we are now to pass from the American to the Asiatic 

 continent, and from one family of mankind to another, which families, if in fact 

 descended from common ancestors, must have been separated for thousands of 



my sons and daughters, and of my female cousins are nephews and nieces; and the children of these 

 nephews and nieces, sons and daughters, are, without distinction, my grandchildren. 



XII. All the brothers of my father are my fathers, and they are fathers to each other's children. 

 In like manner all the sisters of my mother are my mothers, and they are mothers to each other's 

 children, but distinguished into great and little. 



XIII. All the brothers of my mother are my uncles, and my mother is an aunt to the children of 

 all her brothers. In like manner all the sisters of my father are my aunts, and my father is an uncle 

 to the children of all his sisters. The relationship of uncle is restricted to the brothers of my 

 mother, and to the brothers of such other persons as stand to me in the relation of a mother ; and 

 the relationship of aunt is restricted to iny father's sisters, and to such other persons as stand to my 

 father in the relation of sisters. 



XIV. All the children of my several brothers, Ego a male, are ray sons and daughters; and all 

 the children of my several sisters are my nephews and nieces. 



XV. All the children of my several brothers, Ego a female, are my nephews and nieces; and all 

 the children of my several sisters are my sons and daughters. 



XVI. AH the grandchildren of my several brothers, and of my several sisters, are, without dis- 

 tinction, my grandchildren, and I apply to them the same terms used to designate my own grand- 

 children. 



XVII. It has been stated in effect, and is now repeated, that all the children of the several brothers 

 of my father, and all the children of the several sisters of my mother, are my brothers and sisters, 

 elder or younger, the same as my own brothers and sisters. With Ego a male, all the children of 

 these several collateral brothers are my sons and daughters, and all the children of these several col- 

 lateral sisters are my nephews and nieces. With Ego a female, these relationships are respectively 

 reversed. All the grandchildren of these several collateral brothers and sisters are my grandchildren 

 without distinction. 



XVIII. The principle of discrimination as to relative nearness where the two are equally removed 

 from the common ancestors appears to be the following : From Ego a male to the children of a male, 

 and from Ego a female to the children of a female, the relationship of these children to Ego ap- 

 proaches in the degree of its nearness. But from Ego a male to the children of a female, and from 

 Ego a female to the children of a male, it recedes. This rule is reversed as to the children of a 

 male or female cousin. 



XIX. As a general consequence the descendants of an original pair cannot, in theory, ever pass 

 outside the relationship of cousin, which is the most remote collateral relationship recognized, and 

 the greatest divergence allowed from the lineal line. Hence the bond of consanguinity which can 

 never, in fact, be broken by lapse of time is not suffered to be broken in principle. 



XX. All the wives of these several collateral brothers are my sisters-in-law, or female cousins (the 

 term used signifying a cousin as well) ; and all the wives of these several male cousins are my younger 

 sisters. 



XXL All the husbands of these several collateral sisters are my brothers-in-law, or male cousins 

 (the terms being the same for both relationships), and all the husbands of these several female cousins 

 are my elder or younger brothers, according to relative age. 



XXII. All the wires of these several collateral sons, if Ego is a male, are my daughters-in-law 

 (the term for niece and daughter-in-law being the same); and it Ego is a female, they are my 

 daughters. All the wives of these several nephews are my daughters, whether Ego is a male or a 

 female. All the husbands of these several collateral daughters, Ego being a male, are my sons-in-law 



