OF ARTIFICIAL SKELETONS. 99 



si Lion of this support must be varied according to the attitude 

 in which the skeleton is to be placed. 



In skeletons of the Horse, the Ox, the Hippopotamus, the 

 Rhinoceros, the Camel, and the Elephant, the links of wire 

 which we have above described, are insufficient to unite their 

 bones ; for these, two iron pegs are used with a head at one 

 end, and a screw at the other. Each screw is provided with 

 a nut, and each pair of screws must have a narrow plate of 

 iron bored at each end to pass the screw through. Supposing 

 the bones of the leg and thigh, of a large quadruped, are to 

 be united, a hole is bored through the apophysis, about two 

 inches from the extremity, and the same having been done 

 with both leg and thigh-bones, they are brought together, and 

 one of the screws passed into one of the holes of the plates 

 which we have mentioned, and then through the perforations 

 in the bone, and lastly into the other plate ; they are tightened 

 together by means of the nut. The screws should be nearly 

 an inch longer than the thickness of the bones. The two ends 

 of the bones are thus united arid supported by the two plates 

 which are kept together by the screws. Provision must be 

 made for the play of the bones, by leaving a sufficient distance 

 in boring the holes, through which the pegs are passed. This 

 we have represented in plate II, fig. 3 ; a is the iron-plate, b 

 the nut, by which the screws of the iron-peg are tightened ; 

 c the head of the other iron-peg, the nut and screw of which 

 are placed on the opposite side. 



The Horse and other large animals require a double bar to 

 support them, as represented in plate I., fig. 2, a, a. A bar 

 is also passed through the vertebrae of the neck, spine, and tail, 

 and the ribs are attached by means of wires, or flat pieces of 

 plate iron, as seen at b. 



In these larger animals, the heads are for the most part 

 sawn through, for the purpose of studying the structure of the 

 internal cavity and partitions. These are kept together by 

 means of a hinge, so that they can be opened and shut at 

 pleasure. 



