408 FOSSIL REMAINS OF MAN. 



to give the frontal bone of the head a particular shape 

 by compression, which had the effect of depressing the 

 upper and protruding the lower edge of the orbits, so as 

 to make the direction of their opening nearly upwards, 

 or horizontal, instead of vertical *. 



" The vertebrae of the neck were lost with the head. 

 The bones of the thorax bear all the marks of conside- 

 rable concussion, and are completely dislocated. The 

 seven true ribs of the left side, though their heads are 

 not in connexion with the vertebrae, are complete ; but 

 only three of the false ribs are observable. On the right 

 side only fragments of these bones are seen ; but the 

 upper part of the seven true ribs of this side are found 

 on the left, and might at first sight be taken for the ter- 

 mination of the left ribs ; as may be seen in the draw- 

 ing. The right ribs must therefore have been violently 

 broken and carried over to the left side, where, if this 

 mode of viewing the subject be correct, the sternum must 

 likewise lie concealed below the termination of the ribs. 

 The small bone dependent above the upper ribs of the 

 left side, appears to be the right clavicle. The right os 

 humeri is lost ; of the left nothing remains except the 

 condyles in connexion with the fore-arm, which is in the 

 state of pronation ; the radius of this side exists nearly 

 in its full length, while of the ulna the lower part only 

 remains, which is considerably pushed upwards. Of the 

 two bones of the right fore-arm, the inferior terminations 

 are seen. Both the rows of the bones of the wrists are 

 lost, but the whole metacarpus of the left hand is dis- 

 played, together with part of the bones of the fingers : 



* See the excellent figures in Blumenbach's Decades. 



