508 MAMMOTH, OR FOSSIL ELEPHANT. 



2. Account of the Two Living 1 Species of Elephant, 

 and of the Extinct Species of Elephant, or Mam- 

 moth. 



1. ELEPHAS AFRICANUS. The Elephant with round- 

 ed skull, large ears, grinders, having rhomboidal-shaped 

 marks on their crown, which we call the African Ele- 

 phant (Elephas Africanus), is a quadruped which has 

 hitherto been found only inhabiting Africa. There can 

 be no doubt that it is this species which lives at the 

 Cape, at Senegal, and in Guinea ; there is reason to be- 

 lieve that it also occurs at Mosambique ; but it is not 

 certain that individuals of the following species do not 

 occur in this part of Africa. A sufficient number of 

 individuals have not been figured or compared, to know 

 if this species presents remarkable varieties. It is it that 

 produces the largest tusks. Both sexes are equally fur- 

 nished with tusks, at least at Senegal. The natural num- 

 ber of the hoofs is four before, and three behind. The 

 ear is very large, and covers the shoulder. The skin is 

 of a deep and uniform brown. This species has not 

 been domesticated in modern times. It appears, how- 

 ever, to have been tamed by the ancients, who attributed 

 to it less power and courage in that state than to the fol- 

 lowing species ; but their observations do not appear to 

 have been confirmed, at least in so far as refers to mag- 

 nitude. Its natural manners are not perfectly known ; 

 yet judging of them by the notices of travellers, they 

 appear to resemble in every thing essential those of the 

 following species. 



