THE HOESE 36 



Observe particularly that the incisors of the 

 foal differ from those of the horse (1) by their 

 regular, conical formation ; (2) by a narrow con- 

 traction called the neck, visible almost in the 

 centre of the body of each tooth, while nothing 

 of the kind is seen in horse-teeth ; (3) by their 

 smaller size, even when full grown. The milk 

 teeth (or those teeth which are cast or shed), 

 taken from the jaws of dead foals and compared 

 with horse- teeth similarly obtained, are found to 

 be only about half as long as the latter. The 

 breadth is not to be depended on, since the milk 

 teeth of larger foals appear ahnost as broad as 

 those of small horses. When the nippers become 

 horse-teeth, they form a great contrast to the 

 middle and corner teeth. The size of these last 

 will at once show them to be milk teeth. (4) By 

 the fact that the outer surface of the foal-teeth is 

 smooth and striped with brown, while on horse- 

 teeth the same surface is divided by a dirty yel- 

 low indentation inclining toward the centre, which 

 is sometimes double upon the upper teeth. 



One should study the form of the incisors by 

 carefully examining those taken from dead horses 

 of different ages. Each incisor will be found to 

 consist of a hard, enameled part, called the grinder, 



