THE HORSE 4:1 



not breaking thi'ough the gums at all, and usually, 

 in any case, disappearing in eight or nine years. 

 Twenty-four of the true teeth, in both horses and 

 mares, are situated in the upper part of the mouth 

 (that is, in both jaws, ahove the lijps). They are 

 divided into six double pairs, counting upward 

 from below, so that those situated next to the in- 

 cisors in all the four rows are first ; those next to 

 them, second ; and so on to the last pair, which 

 are called the back teeth. 



Twelve others are in the lower part of the 

 mouth, surrounded by the lips, six in the upper 

 and six in the lower jaw, standing, each lot, in the 

 form of an arch, and occupying the entrance to 

 the hollow of the mouth. These twelve are called 

 incisors. The four innermost, two in each jaw — 

 these forming the key of each arch — are called 

 nippers ; the other two in each arch are called the 

 corner teeth, and those between the nippers and 

 the corner teeth are called middle teeth. Each of 

 these teeth in the lower jaw rubs against the cor- 

 responding one in the upper jaw. The teeth of 

 the upper jaw are broader and thicker than those 

 of the lower. The four hooks are seated alone, 

 over each corner tooth, but nearer to the corner 

 teeth of the upper than those of tiie lower, so that 



