OF APIIIC0T3. 7 



the old mould at least three feet deep, and four 

 feet wide, tilling up the hole with fresh loam, and 

 taking care to plant the trees about eight inches 

 higher than the level of the old border, to allow 

 for the sinking of the earth, that they may not be 

 too deep in the ground : but this will be more 

 fully treated of in the chapter on Pear-trees. 



When the trees are planted, they should by no 

 means be headed down till the month of April or 

 May, when they begin to throw out fresh shoots. 

 Strong trees should be cut a foot from the ground; 

 and those that are weak, about half that length. 



In backward seasons, they should not be headed 

 down so early; never until the buds are fairly 

 broken ; always observing to cut sloping towards 

 the wall, and as near to an eye as possible, that 

 the young leading shoot may cover the cut ; [^See 

 Plate I. Fig, X.] which operation should be again 

 performed in the next March or April. The shoots 

 that are then thrown out must be trained horizon- 

 tally to cover the wall. The number of these to 

 be left ought to be from three to six on each 

 side, according to the strength of the main shoot; 

 taking care to rub off, with the finger and thumb, 

 the fore-right shoots all over the tree, except a 

 few which may be wanted to fill up the wall, near 

 the body of it. \^See Plate I. Fig, 1.] 



In the second year, the horizontal shoots must 

 be shortened in the same manner, according to 

 their growth ; and so on every year till the wall 

 shall be completely covered from top to bottom. 



B 4f 



