V20 OF APPLES. 



flavoured fruit ; which, to those who have a taste 

 for gardening and rural affairs, will be no small 

 consideration. 



I would never recommend training of Apple- 

 trees as Espaliers ; for, by doing so, the air is kept 

 from the quarters of the garden ; and by constant 

 pruning and cutting off all the side-shoots which 

 you cannot tie to the espaliers, you prevent them 

 from bearing, and moreover, bring on the canker. 



When Dwarf trees have handsome heads, you 

 wdll get more and much finer fruit from one of 

 them than from six Espaliers -, at the same time a 

 free air is admitted to the crops in the quarters, 

 and the constant expence of stakes and labour, in 

 laying the trees to tiie Espaliers, is saved. 



Espaliers may be converted into Dwarf Stand- 

 ards by shortening the branches at different 

 lengths, so as that they may be able to support 

 themselves without the stakes ; but not to shorten 

 them all regularly ; and if cut w^ith judgment, as 

 near to a leading slioot, or an eye, as possible, 

 they will in the course of two years form fine 

 heads, and in the third year will bear six times as 

 much fruit as they did in their former state, and of 

 a finer flavour. 



The same method of pruning already laid down 

 for Standard Apple-trees is also applicable to 

 Espaliers. 



The borders where you make your crossings in 

 gardens should be six or eight feet broad at least, 

 to let the trees spread on each side, at the distance 



