158 OF PEARS. 



meet ; then transplant the Plums and Cherries as 

 standards or wall-trees, as you see fit. 



The borders for Pear-trees in a large garden 

 should not be less than from ten to twenty feet wide, 

 with a foot-path about three feet from the wall, 

 covered over at top with coal-ashes, or road-sand, 

 to make a dry- walk for getting at the trees to cut 

 and nail them, to gather the fruit, &c. 



The depth of the mould for Pear-trees should 

 never be less than three feet, laying the best 

 mould at top, to encourage the roots to come as 

 near the surface as possible. If the bottom be 

 clay, it will be very necessary, once in every five 

 or six years, to open the ground round the roots of 

 the trees, and cut off all the large ones that are in- 

 clining to run into the clay ; by so doing, your 

 trees will throw out fresh roots that will run near 

 the surface, provided the mould is good near the 

 top of the borders. 



You may have a crop of early Peas, Lettuce, or 

 Spinach, or any other small crops, on the borders, 

 during the Winter and Spring ; but no late crops 

 by any means. If the ground can be spared, I 

 would advise to have no Summer crops ; but keep 

 the borders hoed, in particular after rain : other- 

 wise the ground, if a strong loamy or clayey soil, 

 will be apt to crack in dry weather ; but by fre- 

 quent stirring between wet and dry this will be in 

 a great measure prevented, and the sun's rays ad- 

 mitted into the mould, which will greatly heighten 

 the flavour of the fruit. When you can con* 



