284 OF GRAFTING AND BUDDING. 



shoots from five to six feet long (many of the shoots 

 which took well have fruit buds formed for next 

 year), and covered a space of wall larger than a 

 young tree would have done in eight years ; all the 

 cavities where I cut out the dead bark, and applied 

 the Composition, were, in the course of the Sum- 

 mer, filled up with sound wood, and the bark be- 

 tween the stocks and grafts perfectly united. 



Three years ago I budded some Brown Beurres 

 and Crasannes with Pear d' Auch, one of which now 

 covers a wall sixteen feet high and fifteen feet long, 

 and has more fruit on it this year than a maiden tree 

 would have produced twenty years after planting. 



I never recommend budding or grafting of old 

 trees, except when you have bad sorts, or more of 

 any sort than you want for a supply : in that case, 

 I would recommend to bud or graft with Pear 

 d'Auch, Colmars, and Winter Bonchretiens, which 

 keep much longer than Beurres, Crasannes, &c. 



It will be necessary to give some directions for 

 standards that have been grafted in the Spring, and 

 have missed. In such case, they should be cut be- 

 low the graft, as directed for wall trees ; and when 

 so treated, they will throw out a great number of 

 shoots, which should by no means be too soon thin- 

 ned, as in that case they will be liable to be broken 

 by the wind. You may begin to take off the weakest 

 shoots about the latter end of May, or beginning 

 of June. About the middle of the latter month, 

 they will have acquired considerable strength ; you 

 will then thin them j leaving as many strong regu- 



