OF FRUIT AND FOREST TREES. 427 



year than in six when raised in the common way. 

 The other half of the plants, that were not headed 

 down, are not one-fourth the size of the others. 

 One of the former is now eighteen feet high, and, at 

 six inches from the ground, measures fifteen inches 

 in circumference ; at three feet from the ground, 

 ten inches ; and at six feet, nine inches and a half; 

 while one of the largest of the latter measures 

 only five feet and a half high, and three inches and 

 three quarters in circumference, at six inches from 

 the ground- This is a convincing proof that trans- 

 planting and heading down Oaks is the most suc- 

 cessful and advantageous way of treating them ; 

 and by it they are sooner out of danger from cattle, 

 as well as from vermin, which are frequently very 

 injurious to young trees. 



Of raising Chesnutsfor Under'uoood. 



As the Chesnut is the best and most durable 

 wood for stakes, hop-poles, &c. I shall give some 

 directions how to plant them to the best advantage 

 for copse wood. 



For this purpose*'the ground should be trenched, 

 or ploughed, and well summer fallowed. After 

 the fall of the leaf, plant the young trees in the 

 Quincunx order, in rows six feet apart, and at the 

 distance of six feet in the rows from plant to plant. 

 If you are forming large plantations, the most ex- 

 peditious way will be to plant after the plough, 



