TABLE OF CONTENTS. xxv 



PAGE 



B. External Region . ... 309 



c. Posterior Region , .... 309 



Muscles of the Posterior Foot . . . . .311 



Comparison of the Muscles of the Foot of Man with those of Animals . 311 



A. Dorsal Region ... ... 311 



B. Plantar Region . .... 312 

 c. Interosseous Muscles ...... 313 



CHAPTER III. The Muscles in Birds . ..... 313 



CHAPTER IV. General Table of the insertions of the Muscles in Solipeds . 315 



BOOK II. 



THE DIGESTIVE APPABATUS. 



CHAPTER I. General Considerations on the Digestive Apparatus . . 325 



CHAPTER II. The Digestive Apparatus in Mammalia .... 330 



Article i. Preparatory Organs ot the Digestive Apparatus . . 330 



The Mouth . . . . . . . 330 



1. Lips ........ 330 



2. Cheeks ........ 332 



3. Palate ........ 332 



4. Tongue ...... . 334 



5. Soft Palate ....... 340 



6. Teeth . . . . . . . .344 



7. The Mouth in General . . . . . . 355 



Differential Characters in the Mouth of other than Soliped Animals . 356 



Comparison of the Mouth of Man with that of Animals . . 362 



The Salivary Glands . . . 364 



1 . Parotid Gland ...... 365 



2. Maxillary, or Submaxillary Gland ..... 367 



3. Sublingual Gland ...... 369 



4. Molar Glands ....... 369 



5. Labial, Lingual, and Palatine Glands .... 370 

 Differential Characters in the Salivary Glands of other than Soliped 



Animals ........ 370 



Comparison of the Salivary Glands of Man with those of Animals . 372 

 The Pharynx . . . . . . . .372 



Differential Characters in the Pharynx of other than Soliped Animals . 376 



Comparison of the Pharynx of Man with that of Animals . . . 377 



The (Esophagus . . . . ... . 377 



Differential Characters in the (Esophagus of other than Soliped Animals . 380 



Comparison of the (Esophagus of Man with that of Animals . . 380 



Article n. The Essential Organs of Digestion .... 380 



The Abdominal Cavity ...... 380 



Differential Characters in the Abdominal Cavity of other than Sjlipeil 



Animals ........ 384 



Comparison of the Abdominal Cavity of Man with that of Animals . 385 

 The Stomach . . . . . . . .385 



1. The Stomach of Solipeds. ..... 385 



Differential Characters in the Stomach of other than Soliped Animals . 393 



1. The Stomach of the Pig ..... 393 



2. The Stomach of Oarnivora . . . . . .393 



3. The Stomach of Ruminants ..... 393 

 Comparison of the Stomach of Man with that of Animals . . 400 



