THE HEAD. 



65 



Fig. 36. 



6. Temporal bone. In the squamous portion of the temporal bone of Man, the 

 zygomatic process only rests on the malar bone, as in ruminants. The glenoid cavity 

 is concave in every sense, and divided into two parts by an opening named the fissura 

 Glaseri; the anterior portion only is articular, the posterior lying against the external 

 auditory canal, does not belong to the articulation ; it corresponds to the supracondyloid 

 eminence of the Horse. The tuberous portion is consolidated with the squamous. It is 

 divided into a mastoid and a pyramidal portion ; the latter comprises, in its turn, the 

 petrous and tympanic portions. The mastoid portion corresponds to the mastoid process, 

 mastoid protuberance, and superior border of the petrous bone in the Horse. It presents' 

 a rugged mastoid process ; above this is the mastoid canal ; and above and behind it, the 

 digastric groove; the pyramid forming a con- 

 siderable projection in the interior of the cra- 

 nium. The styloid process or bone is altogether 



separate from the oti.er pieces of the hyoid. and in 

 the adult is consolidated with the temporal bone. 



7. Supermaxilla. In Man the pretnaxilla is 

 no longer found independent, the centre which 

 forms it coalescing with thesupermaxillary bone. 



The supermaxilla of Man concurs, for the 

 greater part of its extent, to form the floor of the 

 orbit; it is also divided into three faces: an 

 external or facial, a superior or orbital, and an 

 internal or naso-palatine. The external face 

 presents, from before to behind: 1, A small 

 fossa, into which is inserted the myrtiform 

 muscle ; 2, The infraorbital, or canine fossa, 

 showing the inferior orifice of the infraorbital 

 canal ; 3, A crest corresponding to the maxillary 

 spine of solipeds ; 4, The alveolar tuberosity. 

 This face carries, in front, a prolongation that 

 forms the ascending process, also named, be- 

 cause of its relation, the i'ronto-nasal process. 

 The superior or orbital face offers a fissure which 

 precedes the infraorbital canal, and", outwards, 

 the malar process. The internal face is divided 

 by the palatine process. It shows, in front, the 

 half of the anterior nasal spine and a groove 

 which participates in the formation of the in- 

 cisive canal. 



8. Palate tone. The palate bone of Man is 1,1, The bony palate ; 2, Incisive, or 



anterior palatine foramen ; 3, Palatine 

 process of palate bone, with the pos- 

 terior palatine foramen; 4, Palate 

 spine with transverse ridge ; 5, Vomer ; 

 6, Internal pterygoid palate ; 7, Sca- 

 phoid fossa; 8, External pterygoid 

 plate, with fossa ; 9, Zygomatic fossa ; 



10, Basilar process of occipital bone ; 



11, Foramen magnum; 14, Glenoid 

 fossa, 15, Meatus auditorius exter^ 

 nus ; 16, Foramen lacerum anterius^ 

 17, Carotid foramen of left side; 18, 

 Foramen lacerum posterius, or jugular 

 foramen; 19, Styloid process; 20, 

 Stylo-mastoid foramen, with jugular 

 tubercle and digastric fossa 5 21, Mas- 

 toid process; 22, Occipital bone; 23, 

 Posterior condvloid fossa. 



EXTERNAL OR BASILAR SURFACE OF 

 THE BASE OF THE HUMAN SKULL. 



formed of two osseous laminae: one horizontal, 

 the other vertical, which are joined at a right 

 angle. The first part presents' one-half of the 

 posterior nasal spine, which is altogether rudi-. 

 mentary, or even null in animals; the orifice of 

 the posterior palatine canal, which belongs 

 entirely to the palate bone ; the ptery go-palatine 

 foramen ; lastly, the pterygoid process, \s hich 

 represents the pterygoid bone of animals. The 

 vertical portion forms the external wall of the 

 nasal cavities by its internal face, and by its ex- 

 ternal face concurs in the formation of the 

 zygomatic or temporal fossa. 



9. Zygoma. This offers three faces. The 

 external, or cutaneous, serves as a base for the 

 most salient part of the cheek. The superior, or 

 orbital, forms part of the external wall and floor 

 of the orbit; it belongs to a long apophysis, 



the orbital process, which rests on the sphenoid 



and frontal bones. The posterior face is smooth and concave behind, where it aids to 



form the temporal fossa; in front it is uneven, and articulates with the supermaxilla. 



The posterior, or masseteric border, unites with the zygomatic process of the temporal 



bone. 



10. Lachrymal bone. This bone is also called the os unguis in Man, because of its 

 likeness to the nail in shape and tenuity. It is entirely lodged in the orbit, and its 



