312 



THE MUSCLES. 



B. Plantar Region. 



This is subdivided into three regions: a middle, internal, and external. 



The first comprises: 1. The common short flexor of the toes which is represented in 

 Solipeds by a portion of the perforatus. It is attached to the infero-internal tuberosity of 

 the os calcis, and to the upper face of the middle plantar aponeurosis. It is followed by 

 four tendons, which are inserted into the second phalanges of the first four toes, after 

 forming rings through which pass the tendons of the common long flexor. 



2. The accessory of the long flexor, whose fibres pass to the tendons of the common 

 flexor. 



3. The lumbrici, four in number, and analogous to those of the hand. 



The internal plantar region is composed of three muscles, which are found in a 

 rudimentary condition in the Dog. 



Fig. 141. 



Fig. 142. 



'FIRST LAYEE OF PLANTAR MUSCLES OF 

 HUMAN FOOT. 



1, Os calcis; 2, Posterior part of plantar 

 fascia divided transversely; 3, Abductor 

 pollicis ; 4, Abductor minimi digitii ; 5, 

 Flexor brevis digitorum ; 6, Tendon of 

 flexor longus pollicis ; 7, 7, Lumbricales. 



THIRD AND PART OF SECOND LAYER OF 

 PLANTAR MUSCLES OF HUMAN FOOT. 



1, Incised plantar fascia ; 2, Musculus acces- 

 sorius; 3, Tendon of flexor longus digi- 

 torum ; 4, Tendon of flexor longus pollicis ; 

 5, Flexor brevis pollicis ; 6, Adductor pol- 

 licis ; 7, Flexor brevis minimi digitii ; 8, 

 Transversus pedis; 9, Interossei muscles, 

 plantar and dorsal ; 10, Convex ridge 

 formed by tendon of peroneus longus in its 

 oblique course across the foot. 



1. The short adductor of the great toe, which extends from the internal tuberosity of 

 the os calcis to the internal sesamoid and the first phalanx of the great toe. 



2. The short flexor of the great toe, which arises from the third cuneiform and the 

 tendon of the posterior tibial, and terminates by two branches on the external sesamoid 

 and the internal sesamoid of the great toe. 



3. The short adductor of the great toe, a muscle formed by two fasciculi, and having a 

 common termination on the external sesamoid. One of these fasciculi arises from the 

 inferior face of the cuboides, the third cuneiform, and the base of the third and fourth 

 metatarsal ; it has been formerly described as the oblique adductor. The other has its 

 origin from the inferior face of the three last metatarso-phalangeal articulations : this 

 has also been called the transverse adductor. 



