THE INTESTINES. 415 



Peycrian glands are less numerous on the internal surface of the small intestine than 

 in Solipeds, though they are larger in size. In the Sheep and Goat, they are often 

 more than eight inches in length, and extend to Bauhin's (ileo- caacal) valve. 



The caecum is nearly cylindrical in form, .without bulges or longitudinal bands. The 

 extremity of the cul-de-sac, rounded ami globular, floats freely in the abdominal cavity, 

 and is directed backwards. At its opposite extremity, the csecum is continued directly 

 with the colon, without forming a crook, after having received the insertion of the small 

 intestine. 



In the Ox, in the vicinity of this insertion, there are traces of one of Peyer's patches. 

 In the Sheep and Goat, these patches are very numerous. 



The colon, sustained between the layers of the great mesentery, on the margin of 

 which is suspended the small intestine, is rolled upon itself in such a way as to form 

 a certain number of elliptical convolutions, by at first making several concentric spiral 

 turns, which leave a certain interval between them for the reception of the excentric convo- 

 lutions. The last spiral turn is a little distant from the others ; in the smaller Ruminants, 



Fig. 208. 



GENERAL VIEW OF THE INTESTINES OF THE OX; RIGHT FACE. 



A, Origin of the duodenum ; B, Floating portion of the small intestine ; c, Termina- 

 tion of the small intestine ; D, Csecum ; E, Its point directed backwards ; F, 

 Flexure of the large colon at its termination; G, H, Terminal portion of the 

 intestine. 1, Insertion of the ductus choledochus ; 2, Insertion of the pancreatic 

 duct. 



it is close to the insertion of the mesentery in the small intestine, which it follows to 

 near the duodenum in describing regular festoons. On reaching the trunk of the great 

 mesenteric artery, this convolution passes to the right, and is directed backwards, then 

 forwards, thus forming a flexure, and turns back in company with the duodenal 

 flexure. The colon then continues in a direct line to the rectum, attached to a shoit 

 mesenteric layer, which, by its position, resembles the large suspensory band of the 

 floating colon in Solipeds. 



The calibre of this intestine is at first equal to lhat of the csecum ; but it soon becomes 

 constricted, and maintains a uniform diameter, which scarcely exceeds that of the small 

 intestine of the Horse. The muscular layer has the same arrangement as in the latter, 

 although it is not covered in all its points by the serous tunic, in consequence of the 

 situation of the colon between the two layers of the mesentery. In emaciated animals, 

 however, it may be remarked that the serous covering furnished by these layers to the 

 muscular coat of the colon is more extensive than at first we might be led to think ; on 

 the left side, the prominences of the spiral convolutions are found to stand in relief on 

 the surface of the mesentery, and it is therefore more completely enveloped in the 



corresponding peritoneal layer. 

 From this descript 



ption, it will be seen that in the large intestine of Euminants the 

 cxcal division is well defined, but that the division of the colon into a large or double, 

 and a small or floating portion can scarcely be made; unless we regard as the large or 

 flexured colon the spiral folds contained between the layers of mesentery, and see the float- 

 ing portion in the pooierior extremity of the tube lying at first against the sublumbar wall 



