174 BACTERIA 



hours. In man, the clinical manifestation of infection with this 

 organism is known as malignant oedema. Infection has followed 

 penetrating wounds of the body, by dirty tools, nails, splinters, 

 bullets, etc. The disease is often quickly fatal. It produces, fre- 

 quently, rapid moist gangrene. 



Bacilli have been found in the blood of dead animals. Infection 

 is very apt to follow contused wounds, especially if other bacteria, 

 like the Bacterium vulgaris, or Bact. prodigiosus, are present. A 

 mixed culture in vitro of this organism, and the Bacillus acidi para- 

 lactici produces butyl alcohol abundantly. Neither of these organ- 

 isms separately can do so. The organisms excrete a toxin and 

 animals can be immunized with it. One attack of the disease 

 confers immunity. 



SYMPTOMATIC ANTHRAX BACILLUS. 



Bacillus Chauvoei. 



Bacillus of Symptomatic Anthrax. 



Rauschbrand Bacillus. (Figs. 59 and 60.) 



The cause of symptomatic anthrax, black-leg, or quarter-evil, in 

 cattle. 



Morphology and Stains. This is a large organism, .5/1 in width, 

 and 3 to 5/z in length. It has rounded ends, and grows in pairs, 

 but not in strings or chains. It is motile, and has many peritrichous 

 flagella. When stained for spores, these bodies may be found dis- 

 tending the organism in the middle or at the end, and the bacillus 

 assumes a drum-stick, or spindle shape. Often chromophilic gran- 

 ules are present; involution forms also appear, and are of enormous 

 size. This organism stains with all the common stains, but not by 

 Gram's method. They may be seen in an unstained condition in 

 blood or other fluids. 



Habitat. This bacillus is found not only in the diseased tissues 

 and dead bodies of infected animals, but also in infected pastures, 

 soil, hay, etc: 



