MEASLES 241 



has not been cultivated. It resists glycerine, drying and autolysis. 

 It is destroyed at 50 C. in one-half hour. Hexner and Noguchi 

 have succeeded in staining a very minute spirochaete the tissues 

 of monkeys affected with this disease. 



Active artificial immunity and some passive immunity have been 

 obtained but these are not of therapeutic value. 



Foot and Mouth Disease. An acute infectious disease of 

 cattle, characterized by a vesicular eruption in the mouth and 

 around the crown of the hoof. It may be transmitted to man by 

 the use of milk from infected cows. It is also directly communica- 

 ble. It has not been cultivated. It is filterable ; it is said to be due 

 to the Cytorrycetes. It is destroyed at 50 C. in 10 minutes, easily 

 by freezing and ordinary disinfectants. One attack gives immunity 

 and the blood is said to contain anti-bodies which will be protective 

 to other animals. 



Trachoma. An infectious inflammation of the conjunctiva 

 with the production of minute but visible nodules on the under 

 sides of the lids. By some it is said to be due to a form of the 

 influenza bacillus, by others to an invisible virus. It is directly 

 communicable, filterable and transmissible to monkeys. It has 

 not been cultivated. 



Measles. An acute eruptive fever due to a filterable virus 

 which is found in the blood, buccal and nasal secretions. It is 

 transmissible to monkeys by inoculations of patient's blood, even 

 before the Koplik spots appear. It persists in the blood until after 

 the appearance of the eruption. It resists drying and freezing. 

 It is destroyed at 55 C. in 15 minutes; it has not been cultivated. 

 Immunity follows an attack but no passive immunity has been 

 reported. 



It must be said of both the hypothetical organisms of variola and 

 scarlatina, that if they are the cause of these two diseases they differ 

 from all other known protozoan parasites, because the latter require 

 an intermediate host for the transmission of the parasite from 

 individual to individual while these certainly do not. 

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