418 



Brachiopod (arm-foot), 279. 



Breccia, 180. 

 volcanic, 222. 



British Isles, fauna of, 405. 



Brontosaur (giant lizard), 345. 



Brontotherium (giant beast), 378. 



Brontozoum (giant animal), 343. 



Bronze age, 409, 413. 



Bryozoon (moss-animal, called also 

 Polyzoon; an order of com- 

 pound molluscoid animals), 

 316. 



Buthotrephis (reared in the deep), 



Butterfly, a fossil, 372. 



Calamite (stone reed : a family of 

 coal-plants allied to equisetae), 

 309. 



California coast isles, 405. 

 Cambrian, 271. 

 Gallons, ravines, gorges, 23. 



examples of, 24. 

 Carboniferous (coal-bearing) age, 



298. 



age, fauna of, 315. 

 age, subdivisions of, 297. 

 Caves, limestone, 71. 

 Cenozoic (pertaining to recent ani- 

 mal life) era, 363. 

 era, characteristics of, 363. 

 era, subdivisions of, 364. 

 Cephalaspis (head-shield), 292. 

 Cephalopod (head-foot : refer- 

 ring to position of limbs), 

 281. 

 Ceratite (stone-horn : a family of 



shelled cephalopods), 327. 

 Ceratodus (horn-tooth), 295. 

 Cestracion (sharp tool: referring 



to the spine), 296. 

 Chalk, 350. 



Champlain epoch, 390. 

 Chemical deposits in lakes, 76. 

 deposits in springs, 72. 

 deposits of iron oxide, 75. 

 deposits of lime carbonate, 73. 

 deposits of silica, 76. 

 deposits of sulphur, 76. 

 Chronology, construction of geo- 

 logical, 207. 



Cinders, ashes, etc., 135. 

 Cleavage, slaty, 194. 



Cleavage, structure, 193. 



Cliff-dwellers, 415. 



Coal-fields of the United States, 



300. 

 of Eastern Virginia and North 



Carolina, 344. 

 Coal measures, 298. 



mode of accumulation of, 310. 

 origin of, 301. 

 period, climate of, 312. 

 period, length of, 303. 

 period, physical geography of, 



312. 



plants of the, 303. 

 varieties of, 301. 

 Coccosteus (berry-bone), 292. 

 Colorado Canon, 25. 

 Columbia River and tributaries, 



22. 

 Columnaria alveolata (cellular 



columns), 276. 

 Columnar structure, 220. 



structure, cause of, 221. 

 Compsognathus (handsome jaw), 



Concretionary or nodular struc- 

 ture, 198. 



Concretions, how formed, 199. 

 Conformity and unconformity, 



190. ' 



Conglomerate, volcanic, 222. 

 Connecticut River Valley tracks, 



342. 



Continental faunas and floras, 123. 

 faunas and floras, subdivisions 



of, 126. 



form, general laws of, 176. 

 Continents and sea-bottoms, ori- 

 gin of, 178. 

 mean height of, 176. 

 Coral, compound, mode of 



growth, 95. 



conditions of growth, 98. 

 forest, how formed, 96. 

 islands, closed lagoons, 103. 

 islands, how formed, 97. 

 islands, lagoonless, 103. 

 islands of the Pacific, 98. 

 polyp, structure of, 93. 

 reef-rock, 97. 



reef- rock, different kinds of, 108. 

 reefs, 97. 

 reefs, atolls, 102. 



