50 EQUINE ANATOMY. 



2. One for articulation, between scaphoid and great cuneiform, 

 and also to the cuboido-scaphoid and posterior cuboido-cunean. 



3. That between two rows, which has communications as above, 

 and with anterior cuboido-scaphoid joint. 



4. That of tarso-metatarsal articulation which ascends into an- 

 terior cuboido-cunean joint between cuneiform and down into 

 inter-metatarsal articulation. 



MYOLOGY. 

 THE MUSCLES. 



The muscles are the active portions of the locomotory apparatus, 

 and form one-half of the body's weight. 



They are divided into striated or striped and unstraited or un- 

 striped. The former are "voluntary and the later involuntary. 



The striped muscles consist of fibres divided into fibrillce, the 

 whole being surrounded by a membrane, the perimysium. The 

 fibrillae are composed of small portions, the sarcous elements, at- 

 tached to each other end to end. Between the fibrillae is more or 

 less interstitial substance. 



The unstriped muscles are found in the viscera as the intestine 

 and consist of fusiform cells, each with a distinct nucleus and 

 bound together by connective tissue. 



Appendages of Muscles. 



These are tendons, fascia and aponeuroses. 



Tendons are round, or flattened, white cords at the termination 

 of muscles, composed of condensed white fibrous tissue. 



Aponeuroses are flattened bands connected with, or the termi- 

 nations of, the broad muscles, and composed of white fibrous 

 tissue. 



Fascia are strong processes of the same structure, forming 

 sheaths and coverings for the muscles. 



Bursa are thin bags filled with mucous or serous fluid, and 

 placed on bony points over which muscles glide. Their office is 

 to prevent friction. 



Sheaths oj tendons are composed of fibrous tissue, forming de- 

 pressions or compartments in which tendons glide. When com- 

 plete they are called vaginal. They may be lined with synovial 

 membrane. 



