CIRCULATORY APPARATUS. IOI 



FOREARM. 



Anterior and posterior radial, ulnar, median ending in basilic, 

 cephalic or plat, and subcutaneous radial. Into these empty the 

 veins that accompany the corresponding small arteries of the 

 metacarpal and digital regions. 



POSTERIOR CAVA. 



Begins at entrance of pelvis by union of common iliac veins, 

 passes forward and to right, grooves liver, through diaphragm, 

 and ends at the right auricle of heart. 



Branches. 



Phrenic, 3. 



Portal vein. 



Formed by junction of small mesenteric, great mesenteric and 

 splenic, similar to the same arteries. It begins near the great 

 mesenteric artery, passes through the pancreatic ring, and divides 

 in the great posterior fissure of the liver to enter its structure. 



The right gastro-epiploic vein and gastric enter the cava near 

 the posterior fissure. 



Renal, two, similar to arteries; left is longer. 



FlG. 14. GENERAL VIEW OF THE VEINS IN THE HORSE. 



i, Anterior vena cava; 2, 2, Posterior vena cava; 3, Right pelvi-crural trunk, divided 

 at the ilio-sacral articulation; 4, Left pelvi-crural trunk; 5, Femoral vein; 6, Ob- 

 turator vein; 7, Sub-sacral vein; 8, Left testicular vein; 9, Posterior abdominal 

 vein; 10, Renal vein; n, n, Ascending branches of the asternal vein; 12, Vena 

 azygos, with its intercostal branches, and in front the sub-dorsal venous branch, 

 13; 14, CEsophageal vein; 15, Dorsal, or dorso-muscular vein; 16. Cervical, or 

 cervico-muscular vein; 17, Vertebral vein; 18, Right axillary vein, cut at the 

 anterior border of the first rib; 19, Sub-sternal, or internal mammary vein; 20, 

 Left axillary artery; 21, Termination of the left cephalic vein; 22, Left jugular; 

 23, Right jugular; 24, External maxillary, or glosso-facial vein; 25, Coronary 

 vein; 26, Angular vein of the eye; 27, Sub-zygomatic vein; 28, Posterior auricu- 

 lar vein; 29, Maxillo-muscular vein; 30, Internal metacarpal vein; 31, Median 

 subcutaneous vein; 32, Radial subcutaneous vein; 33, Posterior radial vein; 34, 

 Basilic vein; 35, Plat, or cephalic vein; 36, Coronary venous plexus; 37. Digital 

 vein; 38, Internal metatarsal vein; 39, Anterior root of the internal saphena 

 vein; 40, Posterior root of ditto; 41, Internal saphena; 42, Great coronary vein; 

 43, Small mesaraic vein; 44, Different branches of the great mesaraic vein; 45, 

 Trunk of the vena portse in its sub-lumbar portion, lodged in the pancreas; 46, 

 The same in the posterior fissure of the liver; below it is seen entering the sub- 

 stance of the gland, M, Subscapular hyoideus muscle cut obliquely in the direc- 

 tion of the trachea; P, Cervical panniculus turned down to expose the jugular 

 channel; o, Right auricle of the heart; A, Posterior aorta; G, Section of the right 

 lung; F, Left lobe of the liver behind the section of the diaphragm; R, Right 

 kidney carried up and forward; L, (Esophagus; v, Bladder; s, Rectum; T, 

 Thoracic duct; T', Termination of that duct in the confluent of the jugulars. 



