116 ANATOMY. 



(3.) Veins of the neck draining the above-named. 

 External Jugtdarp terminating in the subclavian vein. 4 

 Posterior External Jugular ', opens into the external jugular. 

 Anterior Jugular? enters the subclavian vein near the external jugular. 

 Internal Jugular ?> formed by the junction of the two last-named sinuses at the 

 jugular foramen, and uniting with the subclavian vein to form the innomi- 

 nate, at the root of the neck. In its course it receives the facial, lingual, 

 pharyngeal, superior and middle thyroid veins, and the occipital. 

 Vertebral, descends the foramina in the transverse processes of the cervical 

 vertebrae, and empties into the innominate vein. 



Name the Veins of the Upper Extremity. They are in two sets, super- 

 ficial and deep. The deep follow the arteries, generally as vense comites, 

 beginning in the hand as Digital, Interosseous, and Palmar veins, they unite 

 in the Deep Radial and Ulnar which unite to form the Vena Comites of the 

 brachial artery at the bend of the elbow. The superficial veins lie in the 

 superficial fascia; they are as follows: 



Radial } Median Cephalic. Cephalic. \ AxiLLARy 



Median J f VEI^N 



Anterior and Posterior Ulnar } Median Basilic. Basilic. } 



Name the principal Veins of the Thorax. They are as follows, viz. 

 Internal Mammary. Bronchial. Right Azygos (major]. 



Inferior Thyroid. Mediastinal. Left Lower Azygos (minor). 



Intercostal. Pericardiac. Left Upper Azygos (minimus}. 



What are the Azygos Veins ? They supply the place of the venae cavae in 

 the region where these trunks are deficient, being connected with the heart. 

 The Right Azygos^ begins by a branch from the right lumbar veins usually, 

 passes through the aortic opening in the diaphragm, and ends in the superior 

 vena cava, having drained 9 or 10 right lower intercostals, the vena azygos 

 minor, the right bronchial, oesophageal, mediastinal, and vertebral veins. The 

 Left Lower Azygos^ begins by a branch from the left lumbar or renal, passes 

 the left crus of the diaphragm, crosses the vertebral column and ends in the 

 right azygos, having drained 4 or 5 lower intercostals. The Left Upper Azygos 

 drains 2 or 3 left intercostals and empties into either of the other two. It is 

 often wanting, its place being filled by the left superior intercostal vein. 21 



Name the Spinal Veins. They may be arranged into 4 sets, as follows, 

 viz. 



Medulli-spinal, the veins of the spinal cord, which lie in plexus form between 

 the pia mater and arachnoid. They unite into 2 or 3 small trunks near 

 the base of the skull, which terminate in the inferior cerebellar veins or 

 in the petrosal sinuses. 



