THE SYMPATHETIC NERVE. 137 



spinal system by intervening cords, beginning in the ganglion of Ribes on the 

 anterior communicating artery, and ending in the ganglion impar, in front of 

 the coccyx. 



Name the Ganglia of the Sympathetic in the Cranium and its vicinity. 

 They are 9 in number, as follows : 



Ganglion of Ribes, on the anterior communicating artery. 



Ganglion of Laumonier, on the internal carotid artery. 



Ciliary, or Ophthalmic Ganglion, in the orbital cavity. 



Spheno-palatine (Meckel's] Ganglion, in the spheno-maxillary fossa. 



Otic (Arnold's) Ganglion, under the foramen ovale. 



Submaxillary Ganglion, above the submaxillary gland. 



Ganglion of Cloquet, in the incisive fossa, on the naso-palatine nerve. 



Ganglion of Bidder, below the foramen spinosum, on the middle meningeal 



artery. 

 Ganglion of Bochdalek, on a branch between the sphe no -palatine ganglion 



and the anterior dental nerve at their junction. 



Describe the Ganglia connected with the 5th Cranial Nerve. There 

 are 4 such, each having a motor, a sensory, and a sympathetic root, viz. 



Ciliary, or Ophthalmic Ganglion, is situated in the orbit, between the optic 

 nerve and the external rectus muscle. Its sensory root is derived from the 

 nasal branch of the ophthalmic, its motor root from the 3d nerve, its 

 sympathetic root from the cavernous plexus. Its branches are the short 

 ciliary nerves, and are distributed to the ciliary muscle and the iris. 



Spheno-palatine, or Meckel ' s Ganglion, is a large ganglion situated in the 

 spheno-maxillary fossa. Its sensory root is derived from the superior 

 maxillary, its motor root from the facial by the Vidian and large petrosal, 

 its sympathetic root from the carotid plexus, by the carotid branch of the 

 Vidian. Its branches are the 



Ascending. Middle Palatine. 



Anterior Palatine. Superior Nasal. Pharyngeal, or 



Posterior Palatine. Naso-palatine. Pterygo-palatine. 



Otic Ganglion (Arnold's], is situated on the inferior maxillary nerve, imme 

 diately below the foramen ovale. Its sensory root is derived from the 

 auriculo-temporal branch of the inferior maxillary; its motor root from 

 the internal pterygoid branch of the same, also from the facial and glosso^ 

 pharyngeal by the small petrosal ; its sympathetic root from the middle 

 meningeal plexus. Its branches are distributed to the tensor palati and 

 tensor tympani muscles. 



Submaxillary Ganglion, is situated above the submaxillary gland. Its sen- 

 sory root is derived from the gustatory branch of the inferior maxillary, 

 12* 



