Copper Sulphate and Ammonia. 35 



of the Bordeaux mixture, eau celeste, and of the treatment of 

 A. Bouchard. This last treatment consisted in the use of 300 

 grams sulphate of copper dissolved in one hectoliter of water. His 

 conculsions were that there is no particular difference between 

 the three fungicides as regards efficiency, but the last is to be 

 preferred on account of the ease with which applications can be 

 made, and the cheapness of the treatments. These opinions 

 were not generally accepted, unless it was in Burgundy, where 

 Bouchard's treatment was considered an excellent remedy. 



The disadvantage of Audoynaud's eau celeste was that it 

 burned the foliage. On account of the ease with which this 

 solution could be applied, many attempts were made to render 

 it harmless. Michel Ferret, of Tullius, said 1 that the use of 

 one part of ammonia to two of copper sulphate would form 

 a perfectly safe solution. He said further' 2 that the following 

 formula was adopted in Isere, where it was known under the 

 name of " Bouillie dauphinoise " : 



Copper sulphate 2 kilos. 



Water 20 liters. 



Ammonia 22 1 liter. 



Allow this to stand some hours and then draw off the liquid. 

 This contains the sulphate of ammonia, which is supposed to be 

 harmful to foliage. 



To the precipitate formed above, add 



Sulphur 2 kilos. 



Water 100 liters. 



The sulphur should first be mixed with the precipitate to 

 form a paste, and the water is then added. He favored this 

 mixture because the mutual action of the copper and the sul- 

 phur was such that neither affected the wine manufactured 

 from the grapes. Carnot advised 3 the use of five or six parts 

 of the sulphate of ammonia to one part of copper sulphate 

 crystals. G. de Capol said 4 that it might be w r ell to dissolve 



1 Jour d'Afj. Prat. 1887, March 10, 354. 



2 lUd. June 23, 878. 



3 Soc. Nat. d'Aff. 1887, March 16. Cited in Jour. VAg. Prat. 1887, May 19, 

 714. 



4 Jb id. loc. cit. 



