96 The Spraying of Plants. 



Italian Vineyards in 1885." Sixty-eight pages, or one-half of 

 the bulletin, are devoted to this subject, and it forms a fitting 

 close to the matter which precedes. Its contents, coining, as it 

 were, directly from the European vineyards, which were suffer- 

 ing even more severely than ours, lent a weight to the whole 

 publication which greatly increased its value. The subjects 

 treated in the various abstracts have already been discussed in 

 the preceding chapter of this volume. 



The annual report of the mycological Section l for 1886 con- 

 tains much interesting matter. The Section seems to have been 

 placed in good working order from the time of its establish- 

 ment, and many important descriptions and recommendations 

 are contained in this report, a very complete review of the work 

 carried on in France and Italy being given. An abstract of 

 Millardet's article on the work done during the year mentions 

 many of the substances tried in France, the best of which are 

 " the copper mixture of Gironde ; David's powder ; Pode- 

 chard's powder ; mixture of sulphate of copper and plaster ; 

 cupric steatite (a bluish-white, unctuous powder, composed of 

 steatite and sulphate of copper) ; and sulphatine (a secret mix- 

 ture of sulphur, lime, sulphate of copper, and plaster)." Then 

 follows a u table showing results of experiments of Millardet 

 and David with mildew remedies in France in 1886." 



A letter from M. G. Foex, of Montpellier, France, contains an 

 account of a meeting of the International Congress held in 

 Florence, Italy, during October. It says that the copper salts were 

 considered most valuable, and the formulas recommended were 

 those of the Bordeaux mixture (the copper mixture of Gironde, 

 page 27) ; eau celeste, Audoynaud process (page 30) ; and sul- 

 phated sulphur. In regard to the last substance the letter says 

 that "M. Theophile Skawinski, at Chateau Laujac, in Gironde, 

 and M. D. Cavazza, director of the school of viticulture at Alba 

 (Piedmont), have used successfully mixtures of pulverized sul- 

 phur with 8 to 10 per cent of sulphate of copper finely tritu- 

 rated." According to an official report of the meetings held in 

 Florence, the conclusions in respect to the remedies for the 

 mildew "were : (1) That gaseous remedies applied against the 

 peronospora have not given useful results; (2) that among 

 the remedies in the form of powder thus far tried the most effi- 



i Ann. Sept. U. S. Com. of Agric., 1886, 95-138. 



