Spraying in 1887. 101 



The last formula of the year for making the Bordeaux mix- 

 ture is introduced by a statement that " considerable latitude 

 is allowed in quantity of lime and copper sulphate in the Bor- 

 deaux mixture, but the amount of the latter ought not to fall 

 below 4 per cent. The most recently recommended formula for 

 the preparation of this compound is 4 pounds of sulphate of 

 copper, 2 pounds lime, 25 gallons water." 1 



The report also contains a description of the strawberry- 

 leaf blight with directions for treatment. Regarding the lat- 

 ter point, the work done in the laboratory showed " that these 

 conidia will not germinate in very dilute solutions of hyposul- 

 phite of soda or sulphate of copper. It is a simple matter to 

 apply similar solutions to the plants in the field, where it is only 

 reasonable to suppose they will have a like action on the repro- 

 ductive bodies in question." The hyposulphite of soda solution 

 was made by dissolving 1 pound of the salt in 10 gallons of 

 water. One form of copper solution, recommended for the first 

 time in America, was thus prepared : " In 1 quart of liquid 

 ammonia dissolve 3 ounces of carbonate of copper, then dilute 

 to 20 gallons." This was here called the ammoniacal carbonate 

 of copper. 



Regarding the treatment of apples for the scab, are the 

 following statements : " Experiments already made with the 

 sulphate of copper solutions indicate that they will, when prop- 

 erly applied, at once check the scab. . . . The following course 

 of treatment is suggested : 



"1. In early spring, before the buds have commenced to 

 expand, spray the trees thoroughly with a solution of sulphate 

 of iron, using 4 pounds of iron sulphate to 4 gallons of water. 



" 2. As soon as the fruit has set, apply the Bordeaux mix- 

 ture or one of the modified preparations of eau celeste. 



" 3. If the weather should be such as to favor the develop- 

 ment of the scab fungus, a third application should be made 

 two or three weeks after the second, using the same materials." 



The chloride of iron or some other fungicide is suggested for 

 preventing the rust of beets. The aiithracnose of the raspberry 

 and the blackberry is supposed to be amenable to treatment as 

 well as that of the grape, and the same practice of washing the 



1 Viala and Ferrouillat, " Manuel pratique pour le Traitement des Maladies de la 

 Vigne," second edition, 1S88, 27. 



