114 The Spraying of Plants. 



making the eau celeste and the original Bordeaux mixture as 

 first prepared in this country. The latter was given by Dr. 

 Riley, while the former was copied from one of the United 

 States government reports. 



In the annual report of the Canadian Experimental Farms 

 for 1890, there is an account of experiments made by Professor 

 Craig for the control of the apple-scab fungus. The copper 

 compounds were here used, and he writes me that "the first 

 work done in Canada on this line was in 1890, under my direc- 

 tion, at Abbotsford, Province of Quebec. ... It is safe to say 

 that the Experimental Farm system has led the work in the 

 practical application of fungicides in Canada. This year 

 [1894] quite a large proportion of our most progressive fruit 

 growers are using Bordeaux mixture in the Hamilton and 

 Grimsby districts of Ontario, the Island of Montreal, the east- 

 ern townships of Quebec, and the Annapolis valley of Nova 

 Scotia. In British Columbia, where insects are more injurious 

 thus far than fungous diseases, spraying for the destruction of 

 those foes is more generally practiced than for the prevention 

 of fungous diseases." 



The following year a bulletin 1 appeared in which were pub- 

 lished methods for treating the apple-scab fungus, the downy 

 mildew of the grape, gooseberry mildew, and there were also 

 given directions for making the carbonate of copper, the copper 

 sulphate solution, the ainmoniacal carbonate of copper, and the 

 sulphide of potassium solution. This bulletin was soon fol- 

 lowed by another 2 report from the same author, in which were 

 mentioned combinations of the ammoniacal copper carbonate 

 with Paris green, and the copper carbonate in suspension and 

 Paris green. 



Early in 1891 Fletcher published a bulletin 3 in which were 

 mentioned a great many injurious insects, and information was 

 given regarding the preparation and use of various insecticides. 

 The annual report of the stations for 1891 also contains matter 

 of a similar nature, and thus Canada took her place in the list 

 of those countries engaged in the task of overcoming the in- 

 numerable parasites of cultivated plants. 



1 Craig, Canada Cent. Exp. Farm, 1891, Bull. 10. 



2 Ann. Kept. Exp. Farms, 1891, 144-148. 



3 Canada Cent. Exp. Farm, 1891, Bull. 2. 



