252 The Spraying of Plants. 



remarkable that when it has once been observed it is readily 

 distinguished in the future. The insect may be found upon 

 pears and apples. " The moth is a very delicate and pretty steel- 

 gray object. During the day it rests on a leaf with its heavily 

 fringed wings folded closely over its abdomen, and its long, 

 slender antennae placed close together and projecting straight 

 forward from its head. They may be seen on the leaves from 

 about June 15 to July 15." 1 Eggs are soon laid upon the young 

 leaves, and in the course of about two weeks the young cater- 

 pillars may be seen. During the first two or three weeks these 

 mine within the leaf, eating out the green tissue and causing 

 the formation of hollow brown areas. The larvae then begin 

 the construction from bits of the leaf of the peculiar cases, 

 which are shaped like a cigar, but only about three-eighths of 

 an inch long; in these they find protection. About the middle 

 of September the worms migrate to the branches, where they 

 remain throughout the winter. Early in spring, as soon as the 

 first leaves appear, the larvae return to the foliage and attack 

 all green parts of the host-plant. As the case becomes too 

 small for the growing insect, the old one is deserted and a new 

 one made. The little worm continually carries the case on end, 

 and it obtains its food by eating through the upper surface of 

 the leaf and eating out the green portions which are within 

 easy reach, causing the affected part to turn brown. During 

 June the larvae pupate, and soon the adult again appears. 



Treatment. The case-bearer is serious in only a few locali- 

 ties, and its life history has but recently been carefully studied. 

 Although no definite experiments have been made aiming at 

 the destruction of the insect, yet the general opinion of all who 

 have closely observed it is that the larvae may be killed by 

 spraying the affected trees with the arsenite early in the spring, 

 making one application before the blossoms open, and two 

 after they fall, as is done for the codlin-moth. 



Codlin-moth (Carpocapsa pomonella, Linn.j. Description. 

 This moth is about half an inch long, and when at rest has 

 the wings folded close to its body. Its general color is grayish 

 brown. " The fore wings are marked with alternate, irregular, 

 transverse, wavy streaks of ash gray and brown, and have on 

 the inner hind angle a large, tawny-brown spot, with streaks of 



1 Slingerlund, Cornell Agric. Exp. Sta. 1S95, May, Bull. 93, 219. 



