IO9 



15a. Principal leaves spreading or ascending 



Bedstraw, Galium tinctorium. 

 15b. Principal leaves recurved or reflexed 



Bedstraw, Gal mm labradoricum. 



16a. Ovary and fruit bristly or hispid 17. 

 16b. Ovary and fruit not bristly (summer) 18. 



17a. Leaves narrowly lanceolate to linear, mostly 6 8 in a whorl 

 (stem 5 15 dm. long; flowers white; spring and summer) 



Bedstraw, Galium aparine. 



17b. Leaves narrowly oval or elliptical, mostly in whorls of 6; flowers 

 in clusters of 3 (1 5 dm. high; flowers greenish, summer) 



Bedstraw, Galium triflorum. 



18a. Leaves cuspidate or mucronate at the apex (flowers white) 



19. 

 18b. Leaves obtuse at the apex (flowers white or greenish; 2 6 



dm. high) 21. 



19a. Flowers very numerous in terminal panicles (stem 3 8 dm. 

 long) Bedstraw r , Galium mollugo. 



19b. Flowers in axillary clusters (1 3 dm. high) 



Bedstraw, Galium tricorne. 



19c. Flowers few, in small loose terminal cymes 20. 



20a. Stem smooth or nearly so (2 4 dm. high) 



Bedstraw, Galium concinnum. 

 20b. Stem hispid with reflexed bristles (5 15 dm. long) 



Bedstraw , Galium asprellum. 



CAPKIFOLIACEAE, the Honeysuckle Family 



Shrubs or herbs, with opposite leaves; corolla regular or irreg- 

 ular, petals 4 or 5, united; stamens 4 or 5; ovary inferior, 1 5-celled. 



la. Leaves compound (shrubs 1 4 m. high; flowers white, in large 



clusters in early summer) (Elder) 2. 

 Ib. Leaves simple 3. 



2a. Pith of the twigs white; inflorescence flattened or convex 



Elder, Sambucus canadensis. 

 2b. Pith of the twigs brown; inflorescence pyramidal 



Elder, Sambucus racemosa, 



3a. Plant trailing; flowers nodding, in pairs (1 dm. high; flowers pink, 

 summer) Twin Flower, Linnaea borealis yar. americana. 



3b. Erect herbs (6 12 dm. high; flowers dull-red, axillary, early sum- 

 mer) (Feverwort) 4. 

 3c. Shrubs, small trees, or woody vines 5. 



4a. Leaf-bases broadly connate and 2 5 cm. wide 



Feyerwort, Triosteum perfoliatum. 

 4b. Leaf-bases narrowly connate, not over 1 cm. wide 



Feyerwort, Triosteum aurantiacum. 



