127 



159a. Leaves pinnately veined, scabrous above 



Goldenrod, Solidago mgosa. 



159b. Leaves 3 5-ribbed, pubescent but not scabrous above 160. 



160a. Stem and lower side of leaves covered with short hairs; 



common species Goldenrod, Solidago altissima. 



160b. Stem and lower side of leaves with distinct, loose, soft 



hairs (shore of Lake Superior) 



Goldenrod, Solidago altissima yar. procera. 



161a. Involucre 22.7 mm. long (520 dm. high) 158a. 

 161b. Involucre 3 6 mm. long 162. 



162a. Racemes or branches of the panicle either short and ar- 

 ranged along a more or less elongated axis, or elongated and 

 ascending, scarcely recurved, forming a narrow more or less 

 elongated panicle (5 10 dm. high) 



Goldenrod, Solidago speciosa Yar. angustata. 



162b. Racemes or branches of the panicle usually elongated, 

 spreading outward, usually recurved, forming a widened 

 panicle; leaves distinctly serrate 163. 



163a. Leaves pinnately veined (5 12 dm. high) 



Goldenrod, Solidago ulmifolia. 



163b. Leaves 3 5-ribbed (520 dm. high) 164. 



164a. Leaves glabrous on both sides 



Goldenrod, Solidago serotina. 

 164b. Leaves slightly pubescent beneath 



Goldenrod, Solidago serotina var. glgantea. 



165a. Ray-flowers pistillate (the 2-lobed style protrudes from their 



base) 166. 

 165b. Ray-flowers with neither stamens nor pistil 174. 



166a. Principal leaves more than 2 dm. long (1 3 m. high; 



summer) 167. 

 166b. Principal leaves less than 1.5 dm. long 168. 



167a. Leaves deeply lobed Compass Plant, Silphium laciniatmn. 



167b. Leaves toothed or serrate Elecampane, Inula helenium. 



168a, Leaves narrowly linear (36 dm. high; late summer) 



Sneezeweed, Helenium tenuifolium. 



168b. Leaves of a broader shape 169. 



169a. Heads 12 cm. wide; flowers in spring and early summer (28 



dm. high) (Ragwort) 170. 

 169b. Heads 2 5 cm. wide; flowers in late summer and autumn 173. 



17Ca. Basal leaves cordate at base Ragwort, Senecio aureus. 

 17Gb. Basal leaves narrowed to the base 171. 



