134 



THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL. 



best. How many colonies you have 

 in the cellar, and how many neiglibor 

 S. has out-doors, and what you expect 

 to do two years hence, etc., etc., etc., 

 and then the poor over-taxed book- 

 keeper and secretary can throw that 

 part right into the waste basket ^vith- 

 out ever having to read it all over to 

 see if some directions for shipping is 

 contained therein, and go on witli the 

 next 39 letters of the morning mail. 



In ordering a circular, make just as 

 few vs'ords as possible. If you give 

 your dealer brevity, he will repay you 

 with promptness, and likely throw in 

 considerable admiration. Each writer 

 naturally feels as though he was the 

 only or "main customer; as though his 

 deal was the most important one of 

 the season. It is to him, but as it is 

 not with the dealer, do not forget to 

 govern yourself accordingly. Do not 

 ask for credit ; no matter how finan- 

 cially responsible you may be. 1. Your 

 dealer does not know that, and 2, if 

 he did, as he is doing a cash business, 

 his system of book-keeping is such 

 that it makes him much more trouble 

 to run an additional credit system 

 than it does you to send cash witli the 

 order. If you do not kn,ow that a 

 dealer is responsible, do not send him 

 money till you liiid that out, but if 

 you do, and lose it, do not ask some 

 one else to pay it, nor attach blame to 

 anv person but yourself. 



iTse only Full Government, high-cut 

 envelopes. If you use the others, your 

 letters will be glued fast to the inside 

 of them, and the annoyance is far 

 greater than tlie difference in cost. 

 The manufacture of low-cut en- 

 velopes should at once become a lost 

 art. No one of taste and experience 

 will use them. 



In writing, study concentration and 

 brevity. Ilow sliall we head our 

 letters? "JSIr. John Smith, Dear 

 Sir." Why that? •' Friend Jones." 

 Why use such a term as friend pro- 

 miscuously V Does it savor of any 

 thing wise or good ? Why say "Yours 

 I^espectfully," or "Truly "in a busi- 

 ness letter'? Let us leave oft all pre- 

 fixes and affixes except the writer's 

 signature, or say merely as a prefix, 

 " Mr. Brown," and then go right to 

 business. If we are to make general 

 use of any term exclusive to the fra- 

 ternity, I am in favor of Dr. Miller's 

 favorite, viz : " Brother," written 

 '•Bro. Doolittle." How does that 

 sound ? It is a smooth and pretty 

 term, and is applicable to friend or 

 enemy. We can then use the term 

 friend to those whom we have good 

 and valid reasons to believe are our 

 friends, whether bee-keepers or not. 

 Pshaw, are not "Dear Sir," "Yours 

 Truly," etc., all taken for granted ? 

 Please give us your opinion and 

 send off, " Bro." JJewman. 



Jericho, Del. 



[Our correspondent gives some very 

 good suggestions, which should be 

 heeded by correspondents. We detest 

 the indiscriminate use of the word 

 " friend," and very seldom use it, ex- 

 cept to those whom we have proved as 

 friends. It savors of " cant " to use it 

 in business correspondence.— Ed.] 



For the American Bee JoumaL 



Drones from Worker Eggs. 



S. J. YOUNOIIAN. 



The views of C. Theilman, given on 

 page 594 of the Bek Journal, are so 

 like mine, given at the jSIorthern 

 Michigan Bee-Keepers" Convention in 

 October, 1888, held at Sheridan, Mich., 

 and also like a more recent article on 

 the same subject by B. F. Carroll. 

 This places me in a better postion be- 

 fore the bee-keeping fraternity, es- 

 pecially as you say in yoiu- editorial 

 criticism, "It will be very generally 

 disbelieved that bees can and will 

 rear drorics from worker eggs." I 

 think that the "old heads" will be 

 obliged to believe, and also admit, 

 that drones are often reared from 

 worker leggs, even if it does clash a 

 little with the teachings of some of 

 our veteran writers and scientific bee- 

 keepers. I also think that it will en- 

 courage some who are tmdoubtedly 

 sometimes afraid to give their views 

 to the public, especially those views 

 pertaining to new discoveries, for fear 

 of being held up to ridicule. 



Cato, Mich., Feb. 4, 1884. 



The Michigan Law on Foul Brood. 



!Many are asking me about our law 

 on foul brood, I thought it might be 

 well for it to be published in the Bee 

 Journal. I wrote it with much care, 

 and think it pretty good. A. J. Cook. 



To prevent the spread of foul lirood 

 among bees, and to extirpate the same. 



Section l.—The People of the IState 

 of Michigan enact. That it sliall be un- 

 lawful for any person to keep in his 

 apiary any colony of bees affected 

 with the contagious malady known as 

 foul brood ; and it shall be the duty of 

 every bee-keeper, as soon as he be- 

 comes aware of the existence of said 

 disease among his bees, to forthwith 

 destroy or cause to be destroyed all 

 colonies thus affected. 



Sec. 2. — In any county in this State, 

 in which foul brood exists, or in which 

 there are good reasons to believe it 

 exists, it shall be lawful for any five 

 or more actual bee-keepers of' said 

 county to set forth such fact, belief or 

 apprehension in a petition addressed 

 to the judge of probate, requiring 

 him to appoint a competent commis- 

 sioner to prevent the spread of said 

 disease, and to eradicate the same ; 

 which petition shall be filed with, and 

 become a part of the records of the 

 court where such application is made. 



Sec. 3.— It shall be the duty of the 

 judge of probate on the receipt of the 

 petftion specified in section 2, of this 

 act, to appoint within ten days there- 

 after a well-known and competent 

 bee-keeper of said county, as a com- 

 missioner, who shall hold his ofllce 

 during the pleasure of said court ; and 

 a record of such order of appointment, 

 and revocation, when revoked, shall be 

 filed as part of the records of said court. 



Sec. 4.— It shall be the duty of said 

 commissioner, within ten days of his 

 appointment as aforesaid, to file his 

 acceptance of the same with the court 

 from whom he received appointment. 



Sec. 5.— Upon complaint of any two 

 bee-keepers of said county in writing 

 and on oath, to said commissioner, 

 setting forth tliat said disease exists, 

 or that thej' have good reason to be- 

 lieve it exists witliin said county, des- 

 ignating the apiary or apiaries where- 

 in they believe it to be, it shall be- 

 come the duty of the commissioner, 

 to whom such complaint is delivered, 

 to proceed without unnecessary delay 

 to examine the bees so designated, 

 and if he shall become satisfied that 

 any colony or colonies of said bees are 

 diseased with foul brood, he shall 

 without further disturbance to said 

 bees, fix some distinguishing mark 

 upon each hive, wherein exists said 

 foul brood, and immediately notify 

 the person to whom said bees belong, 

 personally or by leaving a written 

 notice at his place of residence, if lie 

 be a resident of such county, and if 

 such owner be a non-resident of such 

 coimty, then by leaving the same with 

 the pe"rson in charge ot such bees, re- 

 quiring said person, within five days, 

 Sundays excepted, from the date of 

 said notice, to effectually remove or 

 destroy said hives, together with their 

 entire contents, by burying them or 

 by fire. 



Sec. 6. — If any person neglects to 

 destroy, or cause to be destroyed said 

 hives and their contents in manner as 

 described in sectifui .>, after due noti- 

 fication, he shall be deemed guilty of 

 a misdemeanor, and punished by a 

 fine not to exceed $'A) for the first of- 

 fense, and for each additional offense 

 he shall be liable to a fine not to ex- 

 ceed SlOO, at the discretion of the 

 court ; and any justice of the peace of 

 the township where said bees exist, 

 shall have jurisdiction thereof. 



Sec. 7. — The commissioner shall be 

 allowed for services under this act, $2 

 for each full day, and SI for each half 

 day, the account to be audited by the 

 board of supervisors. 



Sec. 8. — In all suits and prosecutions 

 under this act, it shall be necessary to 

 prove that said bees were actually 

 diseased or infected with foul brood. 



For Uie American B^e Journal. 



An Analogous Case. 

 o. L. eaklle. 



On page 102 of the Bee Jouenal, 

 Mr. B. F. Carroll claims that the male 

 sperm lodges in the mucus covering of 

 the egg, and that it can be removed 

 by the V)ees, thus changing the sex of 

 the egg when the welfare of the colony 

 demands it. The theory becomes more 

 reasonable if we can find a similar 

 case in nature. For instance, the fe- 

 male fish first lays her eggs, and is 

 closely followed by the male, who 

 sprays the fertilizing fluid over the 

 eggs. Still greater success in their 

 fertilization is made in the fish nur- 

 series by gently pressing the eggs from 

 the female into a bowl, and then over 

 them, with the milk from the male, 

 obtained in the same manner. To my 

 mind, Mr. Carroll's proposition of the 

 queen's eggs being fertilized on the 

 outside of the eggs, lends additional 

 strength to the Dzlerzon theory. 



Green Castle, Ind., Feb. 19, 1884. 



