THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL. 



345 



cited and frantic for the match, that it 

 requires a ^ooA iKuseman to control 

 her. Kverv nniscle becomes ri^id, her 

 ears lie back on her neck — her foam- 

 ing and parted lips give yon a clear 

 view of her ivory that is violently 

 grinding at the curbing steel between 

 it; both front feet high in the air. 

 and lier nostrils wide distended. I 

 will suppose tliat she is pregnant, and 

 I will allow her to enter the match for 

 a sh<nt distance, and often repeat the 

 operation during gestation, being care- 

 ful not to allow her to overdo at any 

 time. I hold that it is not the " high 

 rate of speed " that would be likely to 

 injure her, or the colt; but compelling 

 her to contimie that speed until her 

 strength was exhausted, would be 

 dangerous to both. 



Do you ask why 1 would thus treat 

 the brood-mare V I answer that " it 

 is a well known fact, that when any 

 faculty of an animal becomes excited, 

 that excitement prompts an extra flow 

 of the best blood to a corresponding 

 member. That blood makes an extra 

 deposit of building - material with 

 which it is laden, and the result is an 

 extra development of that member. 

 In thus exciting the faculties, and de- 

 veloping the members of the mother, 

 a corresponding work is at the same 

 time going on in the embryo. 



In the production of colts, bees, or 

 anything else that has life, the parents 

 reproduce themselves, and neither the 

 mental or physicill conditi(ui of the 

 offspring, at birth, can iu any way ex- 

 ceed the combined conditions of the 

 parents. All further development 

 must be made by a process of growth 

 of the offspring after its birth. Im- 

 prisonment comes not of the race in 

 common ; it is confined to favored in- 

 dividuals. Those individuals may, un- 

 der favorable circumstances, transmit 

 that individual growth or improved 

 condition. 



I liold that it is " advisable and nec- 

 essary," that we excite the desirable 

 qualities or faculties of the brood- 

 mother, for the reason that, by so 

 doing, we are all the while building up, 

 through the mother, the desired capa- 

 bilities in the offspring ; and I also 

 hold t hat, inider proper treatment, the 

 possibilities of improvement of the an- 

 imal kingdom, are unbounded. 



Who can depict the coming speed. 



Of cominK bee. or cominiz steed ? 

 With nerve to outstrip the iron horse. 



And vie with the whirlwind round the course. 



'Tis man that builds the iron steed. 



His limited wisdom, means limited speed ; 

 Infinite wisdom provides the nerves, 



Adapted to the age it serves. 



In balance nice, weiRh nature's law, 

 Of KTOWth and fitness 'trainst a straw ; 



Read on your standard when you're done. 

 What e're ends well, was well begun. 



Orion, Wis. 



Northwestern Ohio Convention. 



The Northwestern Ohio Bee-Keep- 

 ers' Association met at the residence 

 of S. H. Bolton, in Hancock county, 

 O., on May 9, 1884. 



The meeting was called to order by 

 the President, Jacob Ginsinger; and 

 as the meeting was for the study of 

 practical work in the apiary, the com- 

 mittee on programme announced the 

 following as the order of business: 1. 



Transferring bees. The (irst colony 

 to be transferred by Mr. Frank Eaton; 

 tlie second colony," by the I^resident, 

 and the third, bv any one wishing to 

 do it ; 2. forniing nuclei ; ;i. introduc- 

 ing queens. 



All then adjourned to Mr. Bolton's 

 apiarv (containing 52 colonies) and, 

 Mr. Eaton being absent, Mr. Gins- 

 inger, with the necessary implements, 

 transferred a colony from a box hive, 

 in a short time. Mr. Eaton then came 

 and did the same, making a neat job. 



Adjourned until afternoon. 



After dinner all took a view of Mr. 

 Ginsinger's apiary, which consists of 

 some 30 or 40 colonies, and is in fine 

 condition. All then returned to Mr. 

 Bolton's and the third colony was 

 transferred in about 15 minutes. 



The remainder of the programme 

 was completed after whicli the con- 

 vention proceeded to fix the time and 

 place for holding the next meeting, 

 and on motion, the time was fixed for 

 July 25, ]S8i, at Ottawa, O. 



On motion S. P. VVeaver, Jacob 

 Ginsinger and F. M. Blakeman were 

 appointed a committee to arrange a 

 programme for next meeting. 



On motion the following resolution 

 was adopted: Besolved, Tliat any lady 

 or gentleman may become a member 

 of this Association, by furnirhing the 

 Secretary witli his or her post-offlce 

 address, and paying such sum as may 

 be fixed upon by the Association. 



On motion the fee for admission and 

 annual dues was fixed at 25 cents. 



J. II. Smith was elected Treasurer. 



A vote of thanks ■was tendered 

 Messrs. Bolton and Ginsinger, and 

 their wives, for their kindness and 

 hospitality manifested during the day. 



Adjourned to meet at Ottawa, O., 

 July 25. F. M. Blakeman, Sec. 



For the American Bee JournnL 



Reversible Frames. 



OSCAR F. BLEDSOE. 



worker comb. If the frames are very 

 nearly filled with comb, I reverse them 

 without putting in any starters. 



Now for the advantages of reversible 

 frames, which are very many. You 

 can get the frames eiitirely full of 

 comb, if vol reversed; but bees seldom 

 attach comb to the bottom bar. You 

 can force the bees to carry honey from 

 the brood-chamber to the sections 

 above. Instinct teaches them to re- 

 move the honey as far from the en- 

 trance and bottom of the hive as pos- 

 sible. By reversing the frames you 

 put the honey at the bottom; and as 

 brood occupies what is then the top of 

 the frame, the bees are compelled to 

 go above the frame into the sections 

 with their honey. 



With reversible frames no complaint 

 will be made of the industrious Ital- 

 ians not working in boxes; the brood 

 not being depleted of too much honey 

 thus easily without extracting, and in 

 such a way that the same cells will 

 not again be filled; and the queen can 

 be kept busy in the center of the hive 

 and will not be tempted so strongly to 

 go above or to the sides to deposit 

 eggs; hence division-boards, at the 

 sides, can be done away with. 



All division-boards and fixtures in a 

 hive which prevent a continuous com- 

 munication between all parts of the 

 hive are a disadvantage. There should 

 be no stoppage possiole to avoid, be- 

 tween the brood-nest, storage, and 

 comb-building room, at the sides and 

 above. Reversible frames help to 

 realize this ideal by giving the queen 

 full employment without confinement. 



Grenada, Miss, 



All valuable improvements in every 

 department of civilization have arisen 

 from suggestions to the minds of men 

 who work and think at the same time. 

 To work without thought leads to no 

 progress; to think without work leads 

 to vague and valueless theories; but to 

 think and work, leads to progress. 



After various suggestions, I hit up- 

 on a device by which all wood frames 

 can be reversed at pleasure without 

 manipulating a fixture or attachment; 

 and now I am making all my new 

 liives with reversible frames. About 

 April 1, 1 hived a first swarm on re- 

 versible frames, which now has the 

 brood-nest full of nice all-worker 

 combs, and one set of section-boxes 

 about ready to take off. 



For starters on my frames, I use 

 strips of worker comb fastened on 

 with equal parts of rosin and wax 

 melted. If the rosin is not put in, a 

 heavy colony wiil pull off the starters. 

 After a colony has nearly filled the 

 frames with comb, I put starters on 

 the bottom bar, reverse tlie frame, and 

 soon have it solid with worker comb. 

 If there is too much drone comb it 

 should be cut out and replaced by 



For the American Bee JoumaL 



Facts Regarding Sweet Clover. 



DR. W. 6. PHELPS. 



In common with many bee-keepers, 

 I have taken a lively interest in the 

 propagation of that excellent honey- 

 producing plant— sweet clover ; and 

 my experience may be of some value 

 to' the readers of the Bee Journal. 



In the spring of 1883, 1 had upon my 

 place a patch of rye, sown the fall pre- 

 vious, with the intention of utilizing 

 it for soiling purposes, or to turn un- 

 der as a green manure. It flourished 

 so well, however, that for various 

 reasons I concluded to harvest it. 

 This was about the last of May, and, 

 according to general opinion, too late 

 to sow thereon any of the many varie- 

 ties of clover, and particularly the 

 melilot ; but sow it I did. even though 

 the ground was dry, after which I 

 harrowed it lightly. 



The results, contrary to my expec- 

 tations, was all that could be desired, 

 proving conclusively that sweet clover 

 seed will germinate freely, without 

 being subjected to the action of frost, 

 as commonly b lleved. 



Furthermore, in less than 2 months 

 from the time of sowing, after harvest- 

 ing rye, the clover furnished a pasture 

 for stock which they much preferred 

 to any other. They would leave lux- 

 uriant red clover, to nibble at melilot. 



In regard to sowing, the following 

 extract by Mr. H. W. Gariett, of 



