tt %mxmi 



DEVOTED TO THE INTERESTS OF THE PRODUCERS OF HONEY. 



VOL. XX. 



CHICAGO, ILL., JUNE 11, 1884. 



No. 24. 



Published every Wednesday, by 



THOMAS r,. NEWMAN, 



EDITOF aSD PROPRIETOR, 



Nomenclatures in Bee-Keeping. 



:Mr. S. Conieil has sent us the fol- 

 lowing criticism on the use of the 

 word " stock " for colony. He says : 



On page 67 the Editor says, " A 

 colony should never be called a stocfc." 

 According to Home Tooke, stoch and 

 stuck are two of the forms of the past 

 participle of the Anglo-Saxon verb 

 stician, to stick. 



After mentioning several different 

 senses in which stock, is used, Dr. 

 Trench asks : '" What point in com- 

 mon can we Innd between them all V 

 This : that they are all derived from, 

 and were originally the past partici- 

 ple of the inhnitive, to stick. * * * 

 and they cohere in the idea of fixed- 

 ness, wli'ich is common to every one. 

 Thus the stock of a gun is that in 

 which the barrel is fixed ; the village 

 stocks are those in which the feet are 

 fastened." 



Stock in trade, the stock of a farm, 

 stocks or public funds, stock of a tree, 

 family stock, etc., are all explained by 

 Dr. Trench with reference to the idea 

 of fixedness. In this sense stock is ai)- 

 propriately used as a term for a family 

 of bees hived and stuck or fixed on a 

 new stand. It seems to be even a 

 better term than colony, because the 

 latter implies dependence upon, or 

 connection in some way with the 

 parent body— a circumstance which 

 does not exist when a swarm in the 

 normal condition is hived and placed 

 in a new location. 



On turning to the writings of au- 

 thors of books on bee-keeping, and the 

 best educated contributors to the bee- 

 papers, I find that they use the word 

 stock in the same sense as the Editor 

 of the Bee Journal uses the term 

 colony. So I think we mav say that 

 the usage of a majority of the leading 

 ■writers is in favor of retaining the 

 word stock ; and if I have been success- 

 ful in showing that it is properly so 

 used, we must ask the Editor to '' re- 

 consider the question." 



The words " rack," '■ case," and 

 "crate," as applied to supers for stor- 

 ing comb honey, require to be defined. 



At present there is a good deal of con- 

 fusion in the use of these terms. 



S. CORNKrL. 



Lindsay, Ont., Feb. 21, 18S4. 



We have been unable to spare the 



time until now to reply to the above 

 criticisms, as well as space to give the 

 article an earlier insertion. As the 

 subject is in no wise injured by the 

 delay, we presume our valued corres- 

 pondent will excuse it. 



It is one of our principles to ever 

 hold ourself ready and willing to re- 

 consider any position we have taken 

 on controversial subjects ; but we 

 must say that we require stronger ar- 

 guments than those presented above 

 to induce a change of opinion. We 

 are quite slow in making up our mind, 

 and do so only upon a review of the 

 whole field before expressing our 

 views, and hence we very seldom have 

 to change. Our correspondent says 

 that many prominent authors and 

 correspondents for Bee-Papers have 

 used the word " stock" for colony, and 

 that it is, therefore, right to continue 

 its use. 



Many prominent writers for bee- 

 papers and authors have blundered in 

 the use of the adjective " apiarian " 

 as a noun, instead of apiarist ! They 

 have also used the term " artificial 

 comb " instead of comb foundation ! 

 and many other very foolish expres- 

 sions. Shall we, therefore, adhere to 

 such blunders when the fallacy of 

 their use is exposed ? 



The only argument advanced by 

 Mr. Cornell, is the idea of " fixedness" 

 to be conveyed by the use of the word 

 " stock," and he adds : " In this 

 sense stock is appropriately used as a 

 term for a family of bees hived and 

 stuck or fixed on a new stand." If a 

 "family of bees" are "stuck" or 

 " fixed " on a stand, we fear they 

 would not be very profitable to the 

 apiarist. If anything is " stuck " or 

 " fixed " on the stand, it must be the 

 hive or boa; containing the bees— and 

 not the "family of bees." That box or 

 hive might be "fixed" there, by being 

 waxed, glued or nailed— but the fam- 



ily of bees would be free to rove over 

 meadow or woodland in search of nec- 

 tar. That idea of fl.xedness has 

 " stuck " our correspondent in the 

 mud, and " fixed " the word " colony "' 

 as the true word to be used to repre- 

 sent " a family of bees." 



"We hope we have " fixed " this mat- 

 ter firmly in the minds of our readers, 

 and that they will hereafter use the 

 word colony instead of stock, stand, 

 hive, gum, etc. 



i^ We have received the Premium 

 List of the Indiana State Fair, to be 

 held at Indianapolis from Sept. 29 to 

 Oct. 4. The premiums in the Bee and 

 Honey Department amount to $57 

 and a diploma— not as large as they 

 should be, but better than they might 

 have been. Here it is : 



Comb Honey in the most marketable 



shape, not less than liO lbs $4.()0 $2.00 



Extracted honey in the Kuost marlieta- 



ble shape, not less than 20 lbs 4.00 2.00 



Display of honey— the product of one 



apiary of the present year 4.00 2.00 



Display of wax. not less than 10 lbs 2.00 1.00 



Display of apiarian supplies 4.00 2.00 



Apparatus for the manufacture of 

 comb foundation, to includeall nec- 

 essary articles for its manufacture. 4.00 2.00 

 Comb foundation for use in the brood 



chamber 2.00 1.00 



Comb foundation for surplus honev 2.00 1.00 



Honey extractor 2.00 1.00 



Wax extractor 2.00 1.00 



Honey vinegar, not less than one gallon 2.00 1.00 



Section for surplus honey 2.0O 1.00 



Display retail pkes. for extracted honey 2.00 1.00 



Honey cake or cakes 2.00 1.00 



Collection of honey plants, properly 



labeled in order, with dates of bloom 10.00 Dip. 



I®" The Indiana Farmer says : 

 '' Xow, within the next six weeks, are 

 our brightest hopes to be realized or 

 blasted for the year 1884. Who is 

 ready ? and, who not ? We are 

 pleased to notice many of our friends, 

 profiting by their dearly bought lesson 

 of last season, are fully prepared to 

 reap the harvest when it comes ; and, 

 should the favorable weather of the 

 past few days continue, we shall be 

 amply paid for all our care and 

 patience." 



1^" In the next to the last para- 

 graph of "W. H. Stewart's article, on 

 page 34.5, " imprisonment comes not of 

 the race in common, etc.," should read 

 " improvement comes not, etc." 



