GEOLOGY OF THE WHITE MOUNTAIN DISTRICT. 1 45 



Between the Field-Tom saddle and New Zealand pond the Conway 

 granite prevails. After reaching the base of the upper portion of Mt. 

 Willey the slates are succeeded by one of the granites, and the Conway 

 variety seems to prevail in going to the Willey house. In passing west- 

 erly, on the steep south-west side of Mt. Willey, the Conway rock con- 

 stitutes the debris visible, with the ingredients rather finer than usual. 

 Following the south side of the low ridges between Mt. Willey and New 

 Zealand pond, the rock is altogether the ordinary Conway variety. The 

 high ridge east of the pond is somewhat precipitous, with no trees for 

 half a mile up its western side, on account of the abundance of enor- 

 mous blocks. About one hundred and fifty rods east of New Zealand 

 pond there is a small pool of water among the fragments, which is prob- 

 ably persistent through the year. The pond is very near the divide be- 

 tween the waters flowing northerly into the Ammonoosuc through the 

 New Zealand river, and those discharging themselves into the east 

 branch of the Pemigewasset. Though the pond has the name of New 

 Zealand, it has no connection with the stream of that designation. As 

 the map shows, it discharges itself through a small outlet into a consid- 

 erable stream flowing easterly from the south Twin mountain, and imme- 

 diately after their union its course changes to southerly. The notch 

 receiving the name of the pond and stream is broad and deep, about 

 2123 feet above the sea, which is lower than any part of the divide 

 between the east branch and the Saco. The interesting character of the 

 notch is well shown in Mr. Morse's sketch of the mountains northerly 

 from Mt. Carrigain. [See the plate in the Atlas.] 



West of the pond, in following up the stream, we soon come to a wall 

 of granite fifty feet high, over which the water falls uninterruptedly. For 

 the distance of half a mile the descent of the stream is about 220 feet. 

 The granite is not very coarsely grained, and is succeeded on the ridge 

 between the New Zealand and Little rivers by a porphyritic rock de- 

 scribed further on. 



North of Mt. Carrigain and from a short distance above the "Forks," — 

 the union of the Hancock and principal northern branch, — the whole of 

 the valley of the east branch of the Pemigewasset is occupied by the 

 Conway granite. This is verified by a few observations. At the falls, 

 less than a mile above the mouth of the stream from New Zealand pond, 

 VOL. II. 19 



