206 STRATIGRAPHICAL GEOLOGY. 



dance of fossils. The dip of the strata here is S. 20° E. 55°. The sandstone is of a 

 lighter color than that which is generally found farther east, and the strata dip at a 

 greater angle. The fossiliferous portion of the rock is more argillaceous than the 

 non-fossiliferous. 



Going south across the strata to Mountain brook, a stream running east from OwPs 

 Head, there are a few fossils, but rather indistinct. The dip of the rock here is S. 40° 

 E. 10°. In the south-east corner of Long Pond township, near Mud pond, fossils are 

 abundant. The dip is N. 3° W. 6°. The rock generally is of a brownish-gray color, 

 and nearly everywhere cut by joints ; so that where there are no fossils it is difficult to 

 recognize readily the position of the strata. Taking the fossil locality where the rock 

 begins to dip north as the middle of the axis, we have, by trigonometrical calculation, 

 the thickness of 2880 feet for the Oriskany sandstone. The rock north-west of the 

 sandstone is in general an argillaceous schist, and dips toward the sandstone, with little 

 or no unconformability. If we follow Moose river above here, we shall find a granitic 

 gneiss. The first outcrop is on an island near the outlet of Wood pond. The fossils 

 from Parlin pond are Strophoinena magnifica. Or this musailosa, Rhynchonella oblata, 

 Rensselceria ovoides, Leptocalia flabelUtes, Spirifera ar recta and pyxidata, Modiolopsis, 

 Cyrtodonta, Avicula, MurcJiisonia, Orthoceras, and Dahnanites epicrates. 



The rocks on a section from Lake Megantic to Lexington are as follows : At the 

 north end of the lake there is a dark- gray arenaceous schist that frequently contains 

 iron pyrites. On the west side of the lake, and south of Victoria river, there is a 

 wrinkled argillaceous schist, with a fossil brown slate having small cavities filled with 

 a yellowish-brown powder. The dip is S. 45° E. 70°. These rocks are referred to the 

 Upper Silurian by Sir William E. Logan, and they extend down the Chaudifere river to 

 St. Francis. South-west we have found them in Ditton and on the boundary of New 

 Hampshire. Their eastern limit is near the head of Perry Stream. On their southern 

 extension they pass into mica schist. Following the road parallel with the lake six 

 miles from Lake Megantic, the rock changes, and we have green chloritic schists con- 

 taining light green epidolitic nodules. The rock here dips N. 35° E. 36°. Farther up 

 the lake we have fine, dark gray sandstones. These rocks were examined by Sir Wm. 

 Logan on the lake shore, and by him they were referred to the Quebec group, and 

 were supposed to underlie the wrinkled argillaceous schist just described. This seems 

 quite probable, from their relations elsewhere. We have the same succession of rocks 

 in New Hampshire, in the vicinity of Connecticut lake, and name the first Coos group, 

 the second Huronian. Near the boundary of Quebec and Maine, and forming the 

 water-shed between Chaudifere and Dead rivers, we have a band of granite, probably 

 eruptive. Following the granite, and extending along Dead river for four or five miles, 

 we have a granitic gneiss, the strata of which are apparently horizontal. The high 

 mountain ridge at the Chain lakes is an eruptive granite ; and this is followed near the 

 outlet of the lake by a fine-grained gneiss that dips 67° and 70° W., and probably 

 extends two miles down the river. We then have for a quarter of a mile a granular 

 talcoid schistose rock, that dips 80° N. 20° W. This is followed by an impure serpen- 



