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BOARD OF AGRICULTURE. [Puh. Doc. 



that poorer milk with twenty pounds that has 4.50 per 

 ■cent of fat it would raise the average to 3.50 per cent, and 

 though such milk would not be safely over the danger line, 

 an improvement of three-fourths of one per cent would be 

 shown (the milk having gained from 12 to about 12.75 per 

 cent of total solids) and it might be accepted. 



To illustrate this principle further : a mixture of half and 

 half of 3 per cent and 5 per cent milk would test 4 per cent 

 of fat, and have approximately 13.25 per cent of total 

 solids. 



Again, take one-third of the 5 per cent milk and two- 

 thirds of the 3 per cent. The mixture would have 3.66 

 per cent fat, and would have approximately 13 per cent of 

 total solids. 



In institute work, when this principle is explained, the 

 question often arises as to whether science can detect the 

 watering of rich milk down so that it Avill contain an average 

 amount of fat. In other words, can milk having 5 per cent 

 of fat be watered so that it will have 3.70 per cent, the 

 legal amount, without violating any law or without danger 

 of detection? No. The statute prohibits all adulterations, 

 and this form of adulteration can be detected. 



A milk of rich quality would have, in 100 pounds, fat, 5 

 pounds, solids, not fat, 9.6 pounds, total, 14.6 pounds, 

 Now, suppose we add to that one-fourth in water, the sol- 

 ids not fat would be diluted in the same proportion as the 

 fat, and 100 pounds of this watered mixture would have 

 fat, 4 pounds, solids, not fat, 7.68 pounds, total, 11.68 

 pounds. 



The following shows in convenient form for comparison 

 the three conditions in this case : — 



