No. 4.] FEEDING OF DAIRY COWS. 151 



Question. Do you think it is a good thing to remove 

 the horns from cows ? 



Professor Robertson. I have no objection to the prac- 

 tice, but I would rather see a cow with horns on. As we 

 have our cows in the stable the most of the time, the horns 

 do no damage. I would take the horns off a vicious bull 

 without scruple. Horns are merely a weapon w^hich the 

 animal once needed, but does not require now. I believe in 

 taking horns off, and were it not for the pain to the animal, 

 I would take them all off. In the case of fattening steers I 

 would do it without scruple, because it prevents them from 

 hurting each other. 



Question. Do I understand you to say that you mix 

 corn ensilage, horse beans and sunflower heads together and 

 put them into the silo ? 



Professor Robertson. Yes ; and we put the heads of the 

 sunflowers in whole, to save the expense of cutting them. 

 All I have tried to show to-day is to help men who follow 

 farming and expect to make money from feeding cows, and 

 who in most places should grow the bulk of the feed on their 

 own farms ; and in doing that they should keep in mind that 

 it is possible to keep the land rich. I think you make the 

 best use of cows by keeping the lands rich through their 

 agency, making yourselves rich and industrious, and making 

 yourselves wise and capable by the difiiculties that meet you 

 from day to day. As I said a moment ago, I am glad that 

 dairy farming is a difiicult vocation, because it will educate 

 and elevate men to meet the responsibilities of life on this 

 continent with all its marvellous duties and opportunities ; 

 therefore I am glad there are difficulties to be surmounted, 

 because work that is hard to do will leave you better for 

 having done it. 



The Chairman. The subject of this afternoon and fore- 

 noon are both of them so wide in their reach that the 

 speakers have found it necessary to occupy an unusually 

 long time in covering them, but if the audience wishes to 

 wait, there are a few minutes left, and if they will ask ques- 

 tions right to the point and as directly as possible, the 

 professors will be most happy to answer them. 



Question. I would like to inquire if feeding ensilage 

 causes the approach of tuberculosis ? 



