328 THE TORTRICINA, 



about half the leaf is curled up. It then secures its 

 work by several stronger cables, and proceeds to 

 conceal itself in its new home. In process of time 

 the caterpillar changes in the interior of the rolled-up 

 leaf to a dark brown pupa, and about the month of 

 June or July the perfect insect comes forth and sports 

 in the dusk of the evening round the oak-trees which 

 have formed its previous residence, and from which, 

 even in the daytime, great crowds of these moths may 

 be driven by striking the branches sharply with a 

 stick. The Moth (Tortrix viridana) measures about 

 three-quarters of an inch in expanse of wing, and 

 has the first pair of wings of a delicate green and the 

 second pair of a dusky colour ; the fringes of all the 

 wings are whitish. 



In this habit of rolling up the leaves of trees and 

 plants to form a habitation for themselves, the larvae 

 of the majority of the insects of this tribe agree ; 

 hence the name of Tortrix was formerly applied to 

 all the species. It is still retained for one of the ge- 

 nera, and from this the appellation TORTRICINA given 

 to the tribe is derived. In some respects these insects 

 resemble those of the preceding tribe, but differ from 

 them in several important characters. Their antennas 

 are very long, bristle-shaped, and generally simple ; 

 their bodies are rather slender and their wings broad, 

 the first pair usually prominent at the shoulder, and 

 then with their margins nearly parallel to the apex, 

 which is more or less truncated; the margins of 

 both pairs of wings are furnished with a fringe of 

 moderate length. The caterpillars are always pro- 

 vided with sixteen feet, and the pupae, with but few 

 exceptions, possess rows of minute spines upon the 

 abdominal segments similar to those which exist upon 



