Classification of Insects: Orthoptera. 



173 



181,000 trees. By this energetic means, the ravages of these in- 

 sects were arrested. 



684. In the United States, at present prices of labor, and of 

 timber, such a remedy would be wholly impracticable, but this 

 statement serves to illustrate the great importance attached to this 

 subject in Europe, and the sacrifices that are sometimes made to 

 check these injuries. 



685. (7i). The Cerambycidece the 

 long-horned or Capricorn beetles, are de- 

 structive wood-borers. They generally 

 rest by day upon the trees, and fly by 

 night. Their larvae are long whitish 

 grubs, with the head smaller than the 

 first ring, and provided with short but 

 powerful jaws. These grubs, in some 

 cases, live several years before coming 

 to maturity. They are divided into 

 three families and many groups, some 

 species in the tropics measuring five or 

 six inches in length and two inches in 

 breadth. 



686. The remaining divisions of the beetles, some of which are 

 injurious to trees, and especially to the leaves, can not be here de- 

 scribed in detail. Some species are leaf-miners, eating out the soft 

 parts and leaving the skeleton, and some doing injury in the larva 

 form while others injure as perfect insects. Many of these appear 

 to be governed by climatic influences, appearing in some years very 

 abundantly, while at other times they disappear for a series of years 

 altogether. 



(2.) ORTHOPTERA (Cockroaches, Crickets, Grasshoppers, etc). 



687. These are insects with jaws, two rather thick and opaque 

 upper wings, overlapping a little on the back^ and two larger thin 

 wings, which are folded in plaits. Transformation partial, larvaa 

 and pupae active, but want- 

 ing wings. All insects of 



this order except the camel- 

 crickets, which prey upon 

 other insects are injurious 98 . M oie-Crickct. 



97. Lerambyx carcltariaa. 



