Planting in Kansas. 349 



ailanthus by 9, and the Lombardy and abele poplars and hackberry 

 each 7. 



1405. Of evergreens, 30 had succeeded with the red cedar ; 26 

 with the black Austrian pine ; 22 with Scotch pine ; 16 with white 

 pine ; 10 with Norway spruce, and 6 with arbor-vitse. 



1406. The "Forestry Manual" of this society, published in 1882, 

 reports the black- walnut as cultivated successfully in 57 counties ; 

 the catalpa in 45 ; the osage orange in 39 ; the honey-locust in 34, 

 and the mulberry in 30. 



1407. The experience of planters in Kansas and Nebraska has 

 been hitherto adverse 1o the cultivation of the beech, birch, chest- 

 nut, hard or sugar-maple, and most of the conifers. The white wil- 

 low, that succeeds admirably further north, in Iowa and Minne- 

 sota, and in states further east, does not succeed in many parts of 

 Kansas. It has suffered badly from the locusts. 



Propagation from Cuttings and Native Seedlings. 



1408. The cottonwoods and other poplars were almost invariably 

 reported as easy to propagate by cuttings. The willows, and less 

 frequently the catalpa, are also mentioned as easy to propagate in 

 this manner. 



1409. As to the time of procuring cuttings, opinions varied, the 

 greater number advising that they should be cut late in fall or early 

 in winter, when the wood was not frozen, and that they should be 

 buried below the reach of frost, to be set as soon as possible upon 

 ground previously prepared, in the spring. When thus preserved the 

 lower end would have a callus just ready to put forth roots, and 

 they would get an early start. The last season's growth should be 

 taken, and in pieces ten inches or a foot in length. They were found 

 to do best when set deep (some mentioned a sloping position as best), 

 but so that only a small part one or two buds should be above 

 the ground. The earth should be pressed down firmly upon them 

 at the time of setting. 



1410. Seedlings, plowed up along the sand-bars of rivers, should 

 be gathered in the fall, tied in bundles, and buried upright in 

 trenches until spring. They are generally more sure to get a start 

 than cuttings. If cut back to near the ground when set they will 

 often take a more vigorous growth. The soil should be firmly 

 pressed down around them at the time of planting, as in the case of 



