Index. 



377 



Spain, injuries from clearing in, 2G. 



School of Forestry in, 108. 



Spanish-oak, 213, 214. 

 Span-worms, 183, 187. 

 Species, definition of term, 2. 

 names derived chiefly from 



L;-itin, 4. 



Specific gravity of woods, 146. 

 Sphinges, or hawk-moths, 174, 175. 

 Spice-tree, 299. 

 Spindle-tree, 292. 

 Spirits of turpentine, 199. 

 Sports, varieties in trees so called, 3. 

 Spring, effect of frosts in, 24. 



sowing, 41, 44. 



transplanting, 44. 



layer of wood growth, 69. 



Springs, effect of woodlands upon, 



18. 



Sprouting of seeds, 35. 

 Sprout-lands, chestnut, 221. 

 Sprouts, reproduction of trees from, 



97. 

 Spruce, cutting by selection, 96. 



European,. 332. 



injuries to from insects, 168, 



172, 186. 



percentage of charcoal in, 151. 



period of full growth, 102, 105. 



- -pine, 329, 335. 



suitable for hedges, 128. 



Squares, planting in, 47. 

 Stag-horn sumac, 297. 

 Stamens, function of, 28, 29. 

 Star-anise tree, not found in Califor- 

 nia, 88. 



Starch in winter-cut wood, 137. 

 Star-shake in timber, 143. 

 Stearns, R. E. C., cited, 266. 

 Stimulation of growth by removing 



outer bark, 62. 

 Stinking yew, 315. 

 Stipe, part of the pistil, 28. 

 Stockholm, School of Forestry at, 



1U8. 



Stomata of leaves, 65. 

 Strawberry tree, 292. 

 Streets, rules for planting, 120. 

 Strength of timber, 142. 

 Striped-maple, 238. 

 Structure of bark, 66, 73. 



of parts of the tree, 63, 64, 66. 



Stumps, preparation of for coppice 



growth, 98, 99. 

 Styraceae, 270. 



Sub-soil, effect of on growth of trees, 



5. 



Suburban plantations, 124. 

 Sugar, formed in germination, 35. 



in box-elder, 240. 



maple, 236. 



- -pine, 320'. 



Sulphate of barytes in wood-preser- 

 vation, 198. 



of copper, 195-198. 



of iron, 193. 



Sumac (genus Rhus), 84, 88, 297. 



production of, 46, 208, 209. 



Summer, cutting of wood in, 137, 



138. 

 Swamp-laurel, 295. 



pine, 328, 337. 



white-oak, 212. 



Swamps, effect of upon water flow, 



18. 



Sweden, forests in, 83. 

 Sweet-birch, 230. 



buckeye, 254. 



gum, 140, 294. 



scented crab-tree, 261. 



Swietenia mahagonii, 298. 



Swire, fattening of in woodlands, 



104, 224. 



Switzerland, forests in, 183. 

 Sycamore (genus Platanus], 93, 102, 



146, 251, 347. 



maple, seeds of, 33. 



Sylviculture, defined, 1. 



promotion of a taste for, 114. 



Symbols of the forester, 106. 

 Syringa (genus), 273. 

 Table-mountain pine, 329 

 Tait, process for wood-preservation, 



198. 

 Tamarack (Larix Americana], 344. 



northern limit of, 89. 



Tamarisk, planted on dunes, 109. 



planted in hedges, 129. 



Tan-barks, 100, 206, 207, 208 



alder, 231. 



hemlock, 335. 



Tanning, chestnut wood used in, 



223. 

 cf Russia leather with birch, 



229. 



Tap-roots, 43, 76. 

 Tar-manufacture, 203. 



preserving qualities of, 190. 



Taxacese, 314. 

 Taxese, Taxodiese, 04. 



