880 



Index. 



Weight of woods, 146. 

 Wjiisswasser, School of Forestry at, 



107. 



Wellino;tonia (see Sequoia], 312. 

 Wells, tilled with roots, 76, 77, 119. 



woodlands affect depths of 



water in, 18. 



Western aspect, 10. 



balsam fir, 340. 



birch, 230. 



chinquapin, 224. 



juniper. 309. 



larch, 343. x 



mountain ash, 262. 



pitch-tree, 337. 



scrub-pine, 325. 



silver-fir 339, 340. 



States, trees of, 86. 



yellow pine, 323. 



yew, 314. 



Wet and dry bulb thermometer, 12, 



13, 14. 



Weymouth pine, 319. 

 Wheat-flies, 179. 

 White alder, 233. 

 ants, 174. 



ash, 271. 



balsam, 339. 



bark pine, 322. 



beech, 227. 



birch (Betula], 229. 



(P'figus Solandri), 228. 



cedars, 128, 303, 304, 307. 



elm, 243. 



fir, 339. 



heart hickory, 275. 



oaks, 90, 211, 212, 213, 216. 



pines (general group of), 317. 



pine, 86, 87 318, 320, 348, 349. 



(Ptcca Engelmannii), 334. 



region cf N. W., 87. 



weevil, 186. 



poplar, 284. 



spruce, 332, 340. 



walnut, 93. 



willow, 93, 279, 280. 



wood, 93, 250 



Whortleberries, heating qualities of 



wood, 146. 

 Wild animals, injuries to trees by, 



160. 



olive, 273. 



trees, transplanting of, 61. 



Willow family, 277, 278, 347-349. 

 as nurses for other trees, 38. 



Willow, Bedford, 279. 



Dutch, 283. 



gray or white, 347. 



grows irom sprouts, 98. 



hybrid, 3. 



insects injurious to, 185. 



leaved poplar, 288. 



oak, 212, 214. 



osier, 280. 



pistilato flower of, 31. 



planted on dunes, 109. 



with walnuts, 51. 



roots seek water, 75, 77, 119. 



white, 000. 



Winding paths in parks, 125. 

 Wind-breaks ; 22. 



dispersion of seeds by, 31. 



effect in fertilizing blossoms, 29. 



on different aspects, 9, 10. 



-river mountains, timber-line 



on, 20. 



Wine from birch sap, 229. 

 Wings upon seeds, 31. 

 Winter, cutting of wood in, 98. 



severe cold of and effect, 23. 



Wire for bracing trees, 55. 



for hedges,! 31. 



Wisconsin, forests of, 87. 



grub-prairies in, 52. 



timber in, 87. 



Witch-hazel, 88, 146. 



Wood-boring insects, 164, 165, 166, 



167, 168, 170, 17], 172, 173, 180, 



182, 187. 



chips for mulching, 56. 



drying and seasoning of, 139, 



140. 



gas, preparation of, 154. 



Woodlands, areas of in Europe, 83. 



effect of upon rain, 17, 18. 



temperature, 21. 



proportion to fields, 82. 



ruin caused by cutting, 26. 



paper manufacture, cultivation 



for, 205. 

 Wood-lice, 174. 



peckers, useful labors of, 187. 



spirits from smoke, 153. 



structure, 66, 67, 68, 69, 74. 



texture when grown in wet 



places, 22. 



wasps, 174. 



Wounds of trees, 59, 74. 

 Wrecks preserved in water, 191. 

 Wych elm, 247. 



