FAMILY OF GADOIDES. 109 



boat thus illuminated, the net is cast into the water, and laid out 

 so as to surround the assembled fishes ; this done, the fire is sud- 

 denly extinguished, and the anchovies alarmed, in seeking to 

 escape, are taken in the net. They are preserved with salt, after 

 removing the head and intestines. 



The family of Clupeae embraces a great number of other genera, 

 many of which possess remarkable peculiarities, but our limits 

 will not permit us to describe them. 



LESSON VIII. 



ORDER OF SUBBRACHIAN MALACOPTERYGIANS. Family of 



Gadoides. Cods. Common Cod. Cod Fishery. Whiting. 



Hake. Ling. 

 FAMILY OP PLEURONECTES. Organization. Plaice. Turbot. 



Sole. Family of Discoboli. 

 FAMILY OF ECHENEIS. Remora. 

 ORDER OP APODOUS MALACOPTERYGIANS. Eels. Common Eel. 



S'a Eel. Gymnotus electricus. 



ORDER OP LOPHOBRANCHIANS. Organization. Hippocampus. 

 ORDER OP PLECTOGNATHI. Organization. Diodon. Trunk-fish. 



ORDER OF MALACOPTERYGII SUBBRACHIATI. 



1. This Order is distinguished from other Malacopterygians 

 by the situation of the ventral fins, which are placed beneath the 

 pectorals, the pelvis being suspended immediately from the bones 

 of the shoulder. 



2. The Subbrachian Malacopterygians constitute four families, 

 namely : Gadoides, Pleuronectes, Discoboli, and Echeneis. 



3. The FAMILY OF GADOIDES is composed of Subbrachian 

 Malacopterygians in which the body is a little compressed, and 

 symmetrical, in which the ventral fins are sharpened to a point, 

 and attached under the throat; they are covered wilh soft, small 

 scales ; most of them live in cold or temperate seas, and they 

 afford to man an abundance of a good and wholesome food. In 

 this family are placed the genera of Cod, Whiting, Ling, &c. 



1. What are the characters of the Subbrachian Malacopterygiana ? 



2. Into what families is this order divided .? 



S. What are the general characters of the flunily of Gadoides ? 

 9 



