130 HERPETOLOGY ANt) ICHTHYOLOGY: GLOSSARY. 



AN ASTOMO'SE. Vessel^ or nerves th:it 

 communicate with each other are 

 said to anastomose. 

 ANCHYI.OSED, an-ky-los'-ed. From 

 the Gteek, a'jkule, stiif-joint. A 

 joint or aiticulation whica lias be- 

 come immoveable is said to be 

 anchylosed. 



ANGUILLA. Latin. An eel. 



ANGUILLIFORMES. From the Latin. 

 an<ruiUa, eel, and forma, shape. 

 Eel-shaped. Systematic name of 

 a tribe of fishes which are eel- 

 shaped. 



ANGUI'NA. Latin. Form* d from 

 anguis, a serpent. Systematic 

 name of a family of ophidians. 



ANGUI'NUS. Latin. Belonging or re- 

 lating to serpents. 



ANGUIS. Latin. A snake. 



ANO'LIS. A kind of saurian, called 

 anoli, in the Antilles. 



ANO'LIUS. Latin. Generic name of 

 the Anolis. 



ANOU'RA. From the Greek, a, or an, 

 privative, and oura, tail. Without 

 a tail. The systematic name of a 

 family of Batrachians. 



ANTE-OPER CULUM. A part of the gill- 

 cover, or operculum, which is be- 

 fbre the operculum proper. (See 

 Page 79.) 



ANTEPENULTIMATE. From the Latin, 

 ante., before, pene, almost, and 

 vltimus, the last. That which is 

 immediately before the next to the 

 last ; or, that which is immediately 

 before the penultimate. 



A'NUS. Latin. The fundament : the 

 inferior opening of the bowels. 



A'ORTA. From the Greek, aorte, a 

 vessel. The great primary artery 

 which conveys blood to all parts of 

 the body. 



APO'DA. From the Greek a, priva- 

 tive, and pous, (in the genitive 

 podosy ) foot. Footless ; without 

 feet. 



AFO'DES. Latin. Same derivation 

 as apoda. Applied to an order of 

 fishes. 



APODOUS. Same derivation as apoda. 

 Without feet. 



APPARA'TUS. From the Latin, ad, 

 for, and parare, to prepare. A 

 collection of instruments or organs 

 for any purpose whatever. An 

 assemblage of organs. 



ARBORE'A. Latin. Belonging or re- 

 lating to a tree ; branched like a 

 tree. 



ARCHES OF THK BRANCHIAE. A sys- 

 tem of sm til bones joined together 

 by ligaments, which supports a 

 series of peciiniform vascular 

 fringes, constituting the gills of 

 fishes. Trie branchial arches, which 

 are generally four in number on 

 each side, are attached by one ex- 

 tremity to an intermediate chain 

 of bones, situated in the middle 

 line behind the hyoid bone, while 

 by their opposite extremity they 

 are connected by ligaments to the 

 under surface of the cranium. 

 They are perfectly flexible, and so 

 arranged as to prevent food taken 

 into the mouth, from being forced 

 out through the branchial fissures 

 with the issuing streams of water; 

 so that in reality, these pieces fulfil 

 in their way, the same office as 

 the epiglottis of mammals. 



ARM'ATURE. Armour. The arma- 

 tute of the mouth consists of the 

 teeth, &c. 



ARTER'IAL. Belonging or relating to 

 arteries. 



ARTERIAL'ISED. When venous or 

 dark blood, by the process of res- 

 piration, is converted into arterial 

 blood, is it said to be arterialised. 



ARTE'RV. From the Greek, aer, air, 

 and terein, to preserve, because, it 

 was anciently believed that the 

 arteries were filled with air like the 

 windpipe. The vessels which con- 

 vey blood from the heart to all parts 

 of the body, are called arteries. 



ARTICULAR SURFACE. The surface of 

 that part of a bone which forms an 

 articulation or joint. 



ARTIC'ULATE. From the Latin articu- 

 lus, which is the diminutive of 

 artus, a limb, which is derived 

 from arthron, a joint. To join or 



