Chap. xxiv.] (ESOPHAGUS AND STOMACH. 197 



membrane presents a reddish or red-brown appear- 

 ance, they are called the peptic glands. Owing 

 to the very numerous fine ducts opening on the 

 surface of the mucous membrane, the tissue of this 

 latter appears on a vertical section to be made up 

 of thinner or thicker folds, or villi plicae villosae. 

 But they are not real villi. 



The part of the mucous membrane containing 

 the glands is the mucosa ; outside this is a loose con- 

 nective tissue containing the large vessels this is 

 the submucosa. Between the two, but belonging 

 to the mucosa, is the muscularis mucosce, a thick 

 stratum of bundles of non-striped muscular tissue, 

 arranged in most parts of the stomach as an inner 

 circular and an outer longitudinal layer. The tissue 

 of the mucosa is dense, owing to its containing, 

 placed closely side by side, the gland tubes. Be- 

 tween them is a delicate connective tissue, in which 

 the minute capillary blood-vessels pass in a direction 

 vertical to the surface. Numerous small bundles 

 of non-striped muscular fibres pass from the mus- 

 cularis mucosEe towards the surface up to near the 

 epithelium of the surface forming longitudinal mus- 

 cular sheaths, as it were, around the gland tubes. 



The plicae villosse of the superficial part of the 

 mucosa contain fibrous connective tissue and numerous 

 lymphoid cells. 



266. The peptic glands (Fig. 114) are more or less 

 wavy tubes, extending down to the muscularis mucosse. 

 The deep part is broader than the rest, and is more 

 or less curved, seldom branched. This is the fundus of 

 the gland ; near the surface of the mucosa is the 

 thinnest part of the tube ; this is the neck. Two 

 or three neighbouring glands join, and open into 

 the short cylindrical duct mentioned above. The 

 duct is lined with a layer of columnar epithe- 

 lial cells, continuous and identical with those of the 



