570 



AMERICAN MEN OF SCIENCE 



dred men of science. The members of this 

 group have added greatly to the scientific 

 strength of the country, not only by the re- 

 search that they have accomplished, but also 

 because they have brought familiarity with 

 the educational methods of other nations, and 

 high ideals of scholarship and of the dignity 

 of the career of the scientific man and uni- 

 versity professor. It is surprising and truly 

 most unfortunate that while nine leading for- 

 eign men of science have returned to their 

 native countries during the past seven years, 

 only one has come to America one scientific 

 man among seven million immigrants. There 

 is no way by which the abundant wealth of 

 the country could be used to greater advan- 

 tage than by bringing to it men of promise 

 and men of distinction. 



We have then a group of 238 scientific men, 

 who in the course of seven years have attained 

 a place among the leading thousand, and a 

 group of 201 who have lost their places. 

 These two groups deserve careful considera- 

 tion. Together with the other groups added 

 to and taken from the list, they are distributed 

 geographically in respect to birthplace and 

 residence, as shown in Table I. 



Massachusetts still retains its leadership 

 in the production of scientific men, but it has 

 lost ground in the course of the past seven 



years, while the north central states have 

 gained. In the list of 1903, the birth rate of 

 scientific men was at the rate per million 

 population of about 50 in Maine, New Hamp- 

 shire and Vermont, 109 in Massachusetts and 

 87 in Connecticut. If for purposes of com- 

 parison we increase the 238 new men to a 

 thousand and again by 22.6 per cent, to allow 

 for the increase in population of the country 

 between 1860 and 1870, the corresponding fig- 

 ures (referred to the census of 1870) would 

 be: Maine, New Hampshire and Vermont, 

 about 40; Massachusetts 85, Connecticut 57. 

 By the same method of comparison the figures 

 have decreased in the central Atlantic states, 

 as follows : 



New York 47 to 36 



New Jersey 42 to 17 



Pennsylvania 23 to 19 



Maryland 38 to 13 



On the other hand, the north central states 

 show an increase, the figures being: 



Ohio 32 to 35 



Indiana 21 to 34 



Illinois 24 to 20 



Michigan 36 to 74 



Wisconsin 45 to 54 



Minnesota 23 to 59 



Iowa 30 to 34 



Missouri 12 to 15 



