198 



A TEXTBOOK OF BOTANY [On. IV, 12 



meristematic tissues or the reproductive cells, and these are 

 the kinds which it is possible to propagate, and thus preserve 



in our gardens. 



FIG. 145. Greatly fasci- 

 ated, or crested, Echinocactus. 

 (From Rumpler.) 



FIG. 144. 

 A Pineapple, 

 fasciated to 

 an unusual 

 degree. It is 

 flattened in 

 the plane that 

 is visible; xj. 

 The Pineap- 

 ple is mostly 

 stem covered 

 with coales- 

 cent small 

 ovaries and 

 bracts. 



(Drawn from 

 a photo- 

 graph.) 



The first step towards a fasciation would 

 be a bifurcation, sometimes seen 

 in the fronds of Ferns, and in some 

 double fruits, i.e. in Orange (Fig. 

 146). 



Closely related to f asciations are 

 cases of unregulated bud develop- 

 ment, most familiar in the Bird's- 

 eye Maple. The eyes are knots, 

 that is, buried branches, developed 

 from a mass of adventitious buds 

 which start on the side of a trunk 

 of a Maple, presumably as a result 

 of some injury (page 137), and in 

 their growth about keep pace with 

 the expansion of the trunk. An- 

 other prominent case is found in 

 "Witches' brooms" (Fig. 147), 

 those dense masses of slender twigs 

 found on the upper branches of 



