FOR THE FIELD AND FIELD TRIALS. 173 



where on the one hand the intelligent' ranger succeeds 

 in rinding birds in abundance, they on the other 

 might appear to be very scarce when sought by a dog 

 which hunted parallel lines across his handler's 

 course. 



A dog which does not range well naturally is ca- 

 pable of but little improvement from the efforts of 

 his handler. If he comes in repeatedly as a habit, a 

 crack or a cut of the whip, as he comes in, will tend 

 to keep him from coming entirely in ; but instead of 

 going out to work when so unpleasantly received he 

 may sulk. At all events, his imperfect judgment is 

 not to be materially mended by any efforts of his 

 handler. Constant whistling and signaling and di- 

 recting may help the faulty dog to a limited extent, 

 but the handler then is furnishing all the brains and 

 doing the thinking for the dog which the latter, if of 

 the right grade as a worker, would think for himself. 



To teach the dog quartering, implicit obedience to 

 the whistle and signals of the hand must be taught 

 as a pre-requisite. The course is always up wind. 

 Then, when the dog is ranging, the handler walks to 

 and fro from left to right, keeping him on the cor- 

 rect parallels across wind as near as he can, and turn- 



