FOR THE FIELD AND FIELD TRIALS. 24! 



site side of the strap. The spikes should project in- 

 wardly about one-half inch. The points should have 

 a bevel of about 45 degrees, so that they will hurt 

 without cutting or puncturing the skin. The shorter 

 strap, 2 or 3 inches in length, has a square buckle 

 at one end to buckle on the free end of the collar, 

 and a ring is at the other end in which to fasten the 

 check cord. 



The whip is carried and used to punish the dog 

 for any misbehavior in a general way. Its presence 

 has a beneficial moral effect. While the dog enjoys 

 the society of his master as a companion, he detests 

 any servitude which conflicts with his own spontan- 

 eous actions or purposes, and he obeys many times 

 for no other reason than that it is compulsory. 



The presence of the whip and its significance do 

 much to maintain discipline. For its moral effect, 

 many trainers carry it fastened to the coat, where it 

 is in sight at all times, and where it is instantly avail- 

 able when needed. The majority of trainers and 

 shooters, however, carry it in the pocket. The kinds 

 most in favor are flexible, so that they may be rolled 

 up and stowed in a small compass. 



Whips heavily loaded with iron or lead should 



