OF KNOWLEDGE. 297 



nition of the beginning made by Kant. In this sense he 

 termed his philosophy Neocriticism. We have thus Neo- 

 Kantianism in Germany, Neo-Hegelianism in England, 

 Neocriticism in France ; all three starting with and 

 putting into the foreground the theory of knowledge. 

 It is interesting to note that neither of the two above- 

 mentioned terms, neither Wissenschaftslehre nor Erkcnnt- 

 nisstheorie, has a current synonym in the French 

 language, but, on the other side, that language has 

 contributed largely to the fixing of modern views on the 

 subject by the introduction of the term " Positivism," 

 which denotes and characterises a special conception of 

 the nature of knowledge, of which I shall have to say 

 more in the sequel. 



The contributions of this country to the terminology 

 of the subject came later, but are probably more incisive 

 and, for the general intelligence, more significant. 

 Following upon Herbert Spencer's doctrine of the 

 Unknowable, Huxley coined the term " Agnosticism," and e. 



AHnosticism 



towards the end of the century a very different turn and Prag- 

 matism. 



was given to popular philosophical discussions by the 

 introduction in this country of the American term 



movement which is known by the 

 name of Neo-Kantism in Germany, 

 and of which the influence is now 

 being felt in France." See also 

 important articles " On Renouvier 

 and French Criticism," by M. 

 Beurier, in the ' Revue Philoso- 

 phique,' vol. iii., 1877. In order to 

 show the chronological sequence of 

 works referring to the return to 

 Kant in the three countries I give 

 the following dates : — 



1847. Ch. H. Weisse. 'In wel- 

 chem Sinne die deutsche 

 Philosophie jetzt wieder an 



Kant sich zu orientieren 



hat.' 

 1854. Ch. Renouvier. 'Essais 



de Critique Generale.' 

 1862. Ed.Zeller. 'UeberBedeu- 



tung und Aufgabe der Erkennt- 



nisstheorie.' 

 1866. F. A. Lange. 'Geschichte 



des Materialismus.' 

 1874. T. H. Green. 'Intro- 

 duction to Hume's Treatise on 



Human Nature.' 

 1877. Ed. Caird. 'A Critical 



Account of the Philosophy of 



Kant.' 



